起源

Chinese

		to rise; to raise; to get up	root; source; origin
trad. (起源)		起	源
simp. ^#(起源)		起	源

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qǐyuán

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄩㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hei² jyun⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khí-goân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qǐyuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǐyuán
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi³-yüan²
  - Yale: chǐ-ywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiiyuan
  - Palladius: циюань (cijuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hei² jyun⁴
  - Yale: héi yùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hei² jyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: héi² yun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-goân
  - Tâi-lô: khí-guân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qy'goaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²³/

Verb

起源

to originate; to come from

Synonyms

來源／来源 (láiyuán)
來自／来自 (láizì)
出乎 (chūhū)
出於／出于 (chūyú)
出自 (chūzì)
嚟自 (lei⁴ zi⁶) (Cantonese)
導源／导源 (dǎoyuán)
張本／张本 (zhāngběn) (literary)
源於／源于 (yuányú)
源自 (yuánzì)
濫觴／滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary)
發源／发源 (fāyuán) (figurative)
發脈／发脉 (fa⁶ me⁶) (Xiang)

Noun

起源

origin; source

Synonyms

來源／来源 (láiyuán)
出處／出处 (chūchù)
基本 (jīběn)
大本 (dàběn) (literary)
本源 (běnyuán)
根 (gēn)
根本 (gēnběn)
根源 (gēnyuán)
根頭／根头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
泉源 (quányuán)
淵源／渊源 (yuānyuán)
源 (yuán) (literary, or in compounds)
源泉 (yuánquán) (figurative)
源頭／源头 (yuántóu) (figurative)
濫觴／滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary)
由來／由来 (yóulái)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
起	源
き Grade: 3	げん Grade: 6
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
起原

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きげん [kíꜜgèǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [kʲiɡẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

起(き)源(げん) • (kigen)

origin, derivation, genesis
日本語(にほんご)の起源(きげん)
nihongo no kigen
the origin of the Japanese language

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
起	源

Noun

起源 • (giwon) (hangeul 기원)

Hanja form^? of 기원 (“origin”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
起	源

Noun

起源

chữ Hán form of khởi nguyên (“origin; beginning”).

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