葵

葵 U+8475, 葵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8475
← 葴
[U+8474] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 葶 →
[U+8476]

Translingual

Han character

葵 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿弓人大 (TNOK), four-corner 44804 or 44430, composition ⿱艹癸)

Derived characters
  • 𭢦, 𣿮, 𣋒, 𬄲, 𤢑, 𤩸, 𧬧, 𨆠, 𩦟, 𪆴(𬸮), 𫶙

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31458
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1507, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3258, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+8475

Chinese
trad. 葵
simp. # 葵
alternative forms 𦮙 ancient
𦷡

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (癸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
睽 *kʰʷiːl
湀 *kʰʷiːl, *kʷilʔ, *ɡʷilʔ, *kʰʷiːd
聧 *kʰʷiː
藈 *kʰʷiːl
癸 *kʷilʔ
葵 *ɡʷil
鄈 *ɡʷil
楑 *ɡʷil, *ɡʷilʔ
戣 *ɡʷril
鍨 *ɡʷril
騤 *ɡʷril, *kʷiːd
揆 *ɡʷilʔ
猤 *ɡʷils
闋 *kʰʷiːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷil) : semantic 艹 (“grass, plant”) + phonetic 癸 (OC *kʷilʔ) – a kind of plant.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • kûi/khûi - literary;
  • khêr/khê/khôe/kôe - vernacular.
    Note:
    • kui5 - literary;
    • guê5 - vernacular.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 6gue
          • MiniDict: gue去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3gue
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɡue²³/
Rime
Character 葵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 脂 (16)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠隹切
Baxter gjwij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡiuɪ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡʷi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡjuɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gwi/
Li
Rong		 /ɡui/
Wang
Li		 /ɡwi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gwi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 kuí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 kwai4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 葵
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kuí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gjwij ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡʷij/
English mallow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 葵
Reading # 1/1
No. 4646
Phonetic
component		 癸
Rime
group		 脂
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 葵
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡʷil/
Notes 原重渠追切依切三王韻改

Definitions

葵

  1. name of several plants
    1. Short for 冬葵 (“Malva verticillata (syn. Malva crispa)”).
    2. Short for 蒲葵 (púkuí, “Livistona chinensis”).
    3. Short for 落葵 (luòkuí, “Basella alba”).
    4. Short for 向日葵 (xiàngrìkuí, “sunflower”).
    5. Used in compounds.
  2. Alternative form of 揆 (kuí)
  3. (Hong Kong) Short for 葵涌 (Kuíchōng, “Kwai Chung”).
  4. a surname

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
葵

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
葵
き
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kʲi]

Noun

葵(き) • (ki) 

  1. Synonym of 葵 (aoi): plant name
    紅(こう)蜀(しょっ)葵(き) ― kōsho'ki ― scarlet rosemallow

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
葵
あおい
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Noun

葵(あおい) • (aoi) ←あふひ (afufi)?

  1. For plant names:
    1. アオイ: Any plant in the genera Alcea or Hibiscus: hollyhock, hibiscus
    2. アオイ: Any plant in the Malvaceae family: mallow
    3. アオイ: Synonym of 冬葵 (fuyuaoi)
    4. アオイ: Synonym of 双葉葵 (futabaaoi)
  2. (heraldry) A design of mon using the image of Asarum caulescens.
  3. A symbol for the Tokugawa shogunate.
  4. One of the colour schemes used in Japanese traditional garment, with the outer layer in a light blue color and the inner lining in a light purple color; it is used in the fourth month of the lunar calendar.
    Hypernym: 襲の色目 (kasane no irome)
  5. (women's speech) soba
    Synonym: 蕎麦 (soba)

Proper noun

葵(あおい) • (Aoi) ←あふひ (afufi)?

  1. a surname
  2. a male or female given name
  3. Aoi (a ward and neighborhood of Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)
  4. Aoi (neighborhoods in Japan):
    1. The neighborhoods of Naka and Higashi, Nagoya and of Okazaki and Nishio; in Aichi Prefecture.
    2. A neighborhood of Okayama, Okayama Prefecture.
    3. A neighborhood of Izumisano, Osaka Prefecture.
    4. The neighborhoods of Kakegawa and Fukuroi, Shizuoka Prefecture.
    5. A neighborhood of Kurayoshi, Tottori Prefecture.
    6. A neighborhood of Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi Prefecture.
    7. A neighborhood of Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture.

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
葵
まもる
Jinmeiyō
nanori

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ma̠mo̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Proper noun

葵(まもる) • (Mamoru) 

  1. an unknown-gender given name
    重(しげ)光(みつ)葵(まもる)
    Shigemitsu Mamoru
    Mamoru Shigemitsu, Japanese diplomat

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

葵 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

葵: Hán Nôm readings: quỳ, quỳu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.