社会
See also: 社會
Chinese
| For pronunciation and definitions of 社会 – see 社會 (“society; community; class; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 社會). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 社 | 会 |
| しゃ Grade: 2 |
かい Grade: 2 |
| kan’on | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 社會 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 社會 (MC dzyaeX hwajH, “public gathering for offering to the god of earth”), as a compound composed of 社 (d͡ʑiaX, “god of earth; ceremony for offering to the god of earth”) + 會 (“gathering”). The word was repurposed by Fukuchi Gen'ichirō in 1875 to translate the western concept of society.[1]
Noun
社会 • (shakai) ←しやくわい (syakwai)?
- society (group of people sharing culture)
- 社会問題
- shakai mondai
- social issue
- 1910, 森鷗外, 鴎外漁史とは誰ぞ:
- 人は社会を成す動物だ。
- Hito wa shakai o nasu dōbutsu da.
- Man is an animal that builds societies / Man is a social animal.
- 人は社会を成す動物だ。
- 社会問題
- a class, a world of a certain group
- 1904, 河口慧海, チベット旅行記:
- これらは中等以下の社会の人に多い。
- Kore-ra wa chūtō ika no shakai no hito ni ōi.
- These are very common among people from the middle and lower classes.
- これらは中等以下の社会の人に多い。
- 1929, 平林初之輔, 昭和四年の文壇の概観:
- ちょうどそれは金融寡頭政治の社会とよく似ている。
- Chōdo sore wa kin'yū katōseiji no shakai to yoku nite iru.
- It looks exactly like a world of financial oligarchs.
- ちょうどそれは金融寡頭政治の社会とよく似ている。
- 1904, 河口慧海, チベット旅行記:
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 社会学 (shakaigaku, “sociology”)
- 社会的 (shakaiteki, “social”)
- 社会派 (shakaiha, “social activists”)
- 社会人 (shakaijin, “working adult”)
- 社会秩序 (shakai chitsujo, “social order”)
- 社会契約 (shakai keiyaku, “social contract”)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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