琥珀

Chinese

phonetic
trad. (琥珀)
simp. #(琥珀)
alternative forms 虎魄
虎珀
琥魄

Etymology

Probably borrowed from a language in Central Asia during the Han Dynasty; compare Middle Persian khlpʾd (kah-rubāy, amber).

The Book of Han:

封牛水牛大狗沐猴孔爵珠璣珊瑚虎魄璧流離 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
封牛水牛大狗沐猴孔爵珠玑珊瑚虎魄璧流离 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Chū fēngniú, shuǐniú, xiàng, dàgǒu, mùhóu, kǒngjué, zhūjī, shānhú, hǔpò, bìliúlí. [Pinyin]
(The country of Jibin in the Western Regions) produces bison, buffalo, elephants, big dogs (kuchis?), macaques, peacocks, jewels, corals, ambers and cat's eyes.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (32) (2)
Final () (23) (113)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I II
Fanqie
Baxter xuX phaek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/huoX/ /pʰˠæk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/huoX/ /pʰᵚak̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/xoX/ /pʰak̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hɔX/ /pʰaɨjk̚/
Li
Rong
/xoX/ /pʰɐk̚/
Wang
Li
/xuX/ /pʰɐk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xuoX/ /pʰɐk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
po
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fu2 pak1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 5231 200
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qʰlaːʔ/ /*pʰraːɡ/

Noun

琥珀

  1. amber

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (琥珀):

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Jinmeiyō
はく
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

Pronunciation

Noun

()(はく) • (kohaku) こはく (kofaku)?

  1. amber (fossil resin)

Derived terms

References

  1. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

琥珀 • (hobak) (hangeul 호박)

  1. Hanja form? of 호박 (amber).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

琥珀

  1. chữ Hán form of hổ phách (amber).
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