慎

See also: 愼 and 惧

慎	U+614E, 慎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-614E

← 慍
[U+614D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

慏 →
[U+614F]

慎	U+FA87, 慎 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA87

← 惘
[U+FA86]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

愈 →
[U+FA88]

慎	U+2F8A8, 慎 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8A8

← 慌
[U+2F8A7]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

慌 →
[U+2F8A9]

Translingual

Traditional	慎
Simplified	慎
Japanese	慎
Korean	愼

Alternative forms

Note the different forms, which correspond to different forms of 真.

Han character

慎 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心十月金 (PJBC), four-corner 9408₁, composition ⿰忄真)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 398, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11024
Dae Jaweon: page 735, character 35
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2336, character 2
Unihan data for U+614E
Unihan data for U+FA87
Unihan data for U+2F8A8

Chinese

trad.		慎/愼
simp.		慎
2nd round simp.		𰑝
alternative forms		㥲昚眘𡴜𦚉㥲昚眘𡴜𦚉𡸱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (真) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
寘	*tjels
䡩	*kʰriːn
黰	ʔriːn, ʔljinʔ
顛	tiːn, tʰiːns
滇	tiːn, tʰiːns, *diːn
齻	*tiːn
槙	tiːn, tjinʔ
瘨	*tiːn
傎	*tiːn
蹎	*tiːn
厧	*tiːn
巔	*tiːn
癲	*tiːn
瑱	tʰiːns, tins
填	diːn, diːns, tin, tins
窴	diːn, diːns
闐	diːn, diːns
磌	diːn, tjin
鷏	*diːn
嗔	diːn, tʰjin
搷	*diːn
鎮	tin, tins
縝	tʰin, ʔljinʔ, *tʰjin
真	*ʔljin
禛	*tjin
稹	ʔljin, ʔljinʔ
蒖	*tjin
鬒	*ʔljinʔ
瞋	*tʰjin
謓	*tʰjin
慎	*djins

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djins) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 真 (OC *ʔljin) – a behavior trait (heart), care, caution. Note that 真 means “truth, genuine, sincerity”, hence connotations of “acting sincerely, with care”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shèn (shen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): san⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ́m

(Meixian, Guangdong): sem³
Eastern Min (BUC): sêng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sīn / sīm

(Teochew, Peng'im): sim⁷ / sim²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shèn
  - Wade–Giles: shên⁴
  - Yale: shèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
  - Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: san⁶
  - Yale: sahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́m
  - Hakka Romanization System: siim`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sim³
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨm³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sem³
  - Sinological IPA: /səm³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīn
  - Tâi-lô: sīn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sin
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sin²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sin⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sin³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīm
  - Tâi-lô: sīm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sim
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sim³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sim⁷ / sim²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sīm / sím
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sim¹¹/, /sim⁵²/

Note: sim2 - vernacular 俗讀.

Middle Chinese: dzyinH

Rime
Character	慎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	真 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時刃切
Baxter	dzyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑin^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/ʑĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]i[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*djins/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shèn
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]i[n]-s/
English	careful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慎
Reading #	1/1
No.	17082
Phonetic component	眞
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	愼
Old Chinese	/*djins/

Definitions

慎

prudent; cautious; careful

Compounds

不慎 (bùshèn)
勤慎
失慎 (shīshèn)
審慎／审慎 (shěnshèn)
小心謹慎／小心谨慎 (xiǎoxīnjǐnshèn)
恪慎
慎刑
慎始
慎始敬終／慎始敬终 (shènshǐjìngzhōng)
慎子
慎密 (shènmì)
慎小謹微／慎小谨微
慎微
慎思 (shènsī)
慎思明辨
慎獨／慎独 (shèndú)
慎終如始／慎终如始
慎終若始／慎终若始
慎終追遠／慎终追远 (shènzhōngzhuīyuǎn)
慎行
慎言
慎謀能斷／慎谋能断
慎重 (shènzhòng)
慎重其事
慎防
慎防杜漸／慎防杜渐
慎默
戒慎
敬小慎微
敬慎
日慎一日
明德慎罰／明德慎罚
明慎
明賞慎罰／明赏慎罚
杜微慎防
淑慎
清慎
肅慎／肃慎 (Sùshèn)
謹小慎微／谨小慎微 (jǐnxiǎoshènwēi)
謹慎／谨慎 (jǐnshèn)
謹言慎行／谨言慎行 (jǐnyánshènxíng)
謹謹慎慎／谨谨慎慎

Japanese

Shinjitai	慎
Kyūjitai	愼

Kanji

慎

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 愼)

Readings

Go-on: じん (jin)
Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: つつしむ (tsutsushimu, 慎む, Jōyō); つつしみ (tsutsushimi, 慎み)
Nanori: ちか (chika); のり (nori); まこと (makoto); みつ (mitsu); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

Proper noun

慎(しん) • (Shin)

a male given name

Vietnamese

Han character

慎: Hán Nôm readings: thận

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