垠

See also: 圻
垠 U+57A0, 垠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-57A0
← 垟
[U+579F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 垡 →
[U+57A1]

Translingual

Han character

垠 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 土日女 (GAV), four-corner 47132, composition ⿰土艮)

  1. boundary, bank of stream or river

Derived characters
  • 𭈷

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 228, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5054
  • Dae Jaweon: page 464, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 442, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+57A0

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 垠
alternative forms 圻

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
艱 *krɯːn
齦 *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼 *ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝 *ɡrɯːn
限 *ɡrɯːnʔ
硍 *ɡrɯːnʔ
豤 *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪 *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根 *kɯːn
跟 *kɯːn
珢 *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮 *kɯːns
茛 *kɯːns
墾 *kʰɯːnʔ
懇 *kʰɯːnʔ
垠 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn
痕 *ɡɯːn
拫 *ɡɯːn
鞎 *ɡɯːn
很 *ɡɯːnʔ
恨 *ɡɯːns
銀 *ŋrɯn
檭 *ŋrɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 垠 垠 垠
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 疑 (31) 疑 (31) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 眞 (44) 欣 (57) 痕 (53)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) III III I
Fanqie 語巾切 語斤切 五根切
Baxter ngin ngj+n ngon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋˠiɪn/ /ŋɨn/ /ŋən/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋᵚin/ /ŋɨn/ /ŋən/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋien/ /ŋiən/ /ŋən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋjin/ /ŋɨn/ /ŋən/
Li
Rong		 /ŋjĕn/ /ŋiən/ /ŋən/
Wang
Li		 /ŋǐĕn/ /ŋĭən/ /ŋən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋi̯ĕn/ /ŋi̯ən/ /ŋən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yín yín én
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ngan4 ngan4 ngan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 垠
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yín
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngjɨn ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ŋ]ər/
English raised border, dike

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 垠 垠 垠
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 3932 3940 3944
Phonetic
component		 艮 艮 艮
Rime
group		 文 文 文
Rime
subdivision		 1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 垠 銀 䖐
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋɯːn/ /*ŋrɯn/ /*ŋɯn/
Notes 同圻

Definitions

垠

  1. boundary; limit
  2. dike; riverbank; raised border

Compounds
  • 九垠
  • 八垠
  • 地垠
  • 垠垠
  • 朕垠
  • 朱垠
  • 沂垠
  • 涯垠
  • 無垠／无垠 (wúyín)
  • 絕垠／绝垠
  • 邊垠／边垠

Japanese

Kanji
垠

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. limit
  2. boundary

Readings

Korean

Hanja

垠 • (eun) (hangeul 은)

  1. boundary
  2. bank of stream or river

Vietnamese

Han character

垠: Hán Nôm readings: hằn, ngăn, ngấn, ngân, ngần

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