君王

Chinese

		monarch; lord; gentleman monarch; lord; gentleman; ruler	king; Wang (proper name)
simp. and trad. (君王)		君	王

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jūnwáng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄣㄨㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwan¹ wong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiûn-vòng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kun-ông

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jūnwáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣㄨㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyunwáng
  - Wade–Giles: chün¹-wang²
  - Yale: jyūn-wáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiunwang
  - Palladius: цзюньван (czjunʹvan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwan¹ wong⁴
  - Yale: gwān wòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwan¹ wong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: guen¹ wong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûn-vòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: giun´ vongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giun¹ vong²
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯un²⁴ voŋ¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun-ông
  - Tâi-lô: kun-ông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kun'oong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³ ɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: kjun hjwang

Rime
Character	君	王
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	舉云切	雨方切
Baxter	kjun	hjwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨun/	/ɦʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kiun/	/ɦʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuən/	/ɣiuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kun/	/ɦuaŋ/
Li Rong	/kiuən/	/ɣiuaŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭuən/	/ɣĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯uən/	/iwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jūn	wáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwan¹	wong⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qur ɢʷaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*klun ɢʷaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	君	王
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jūn	wáng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjun ›	‹ hjwang ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qur/	/*ɢʷaŋ/
English	lord; ruler	king
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	君	王
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	7289	12742
Phonetic component	君	王
Rime group	文	陽
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	君	王
Old Chinese	/*klun/	/*ɢʷaŋ/

Noun

君王

king; emperor; monarch; sovereign; His Majesty
- 君王討敝邑之罪，又矜而赦之，師與，有無名乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  君王讨敝邑之罪，又矜而赦之，师与，有无名乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Jūnwáng tǎo bìyì zhī zuì, yòu jīn ér shè zhī, shī yǔ, yǒuwú míng hū? [Pinyin]
  O ruler and king, ye came and punished the offences of our poor state. If the result of the campaign be that ye now pity and forgive it, will the campaign be without its (proper) name?
- 君王掩面救不得 [Literary Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: 806 CE, Bai Juyi, Song of Everlasting Regret
  jūnwáng yǎn miàn jiù bùdé [Pinyin]
  His Majesty covered his face, for he could not save her.

Usage notes

Used in feudal times as a term of respect.

Synonyms

乘輿／乘舆 (literary, figurative)
人主 (rénzhǔ) (literary)
人君 (rénjūn) (literary)
人王 (rénwáng)
元首 (yuánshǒu)
君上 (jūnshàng) (literary)
君主 (jūnzhǔ)
君父 (jūnfù) (literary)
國君／国君 (guójūn)
國家／国家 (guójiā) (Classical Chinese)
大聖／大圣 (dàshèng) (literary)
大駕／大驾 (dàjià)
天子 (tiānzǐ) (Son of Heaven)
官家 (guānjiā) (archaic)
帝王 (dìwáng)
皇帝 (huángdì)
皇辟 (huángbì) (archaic, Son of Heaven)

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