低落

Chinese

		to lower (one's head); to let droop; to hang down to lower (one's head); to let droop; to hang down; low; to incline; beneath	to fall; to drop (behind); leave behind
trad. (低落)		低	落
simp. ^#(低落)		低	落

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dīluò

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄌㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dai¹ lok⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kē-lo̍h

(Teochew, Peng'im): di¹ loh⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dīluò
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄌㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: diluò
  - Wade–Giles: ti¹-lo⁴
  - Yale: dī-lwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diluoh
  - Palladius: дило (dilo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dai¹ lok⁶
  - Yale: dāi lohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dai¹ lok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dei¹ log⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐi̯⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kē-lo̍h
  - Tâi-lô: kē-lo̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kexloih
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ke²²⁻²¹ loʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ke⁴¹⁻²² loʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke²²⁻²¹ loʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ke³³⁻¹¹ loʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke³³⁻²¹ lɤʔ⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: di¹ loh⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ti lo̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti³³⁻²³ loʔ⁴/

Verb

低落

to decline; to fall

Synonyms

暴跌 (bàodiē)
下降 (xiàjiàng)

Antonyms

高漲／高涨 (gāozhǎng)
上升 (shàngshēng)

Adjective

低落

down; low
depressed; downcast; dispirited

Synonyms

(depressed):

低沉 (dīchén)
冷館／冷馆 (Xiamen Hokkien)
喪氣／丧气
壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
失望 (shīwàng)
失落 (shīluò)
寡歡／寡欢 (guǎhuān)
幽鬱／幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
悒鬱／悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)
悒鬱寡歡／悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
愁悶／愁闷 (chóumèn)
憂悶／忧闷 (yōumèn)
慘沮／惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
憂鬱／忧郁 (yōuyù)
憋悶／憋闷
懊喪／懊丧 (àosàng)
抑鬱／抑郁 (yìyù)
沉悶／沉闷 (chénmèn)
沉抑 (chényì)
沉鬱／沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
沮喪／沮丧 (jǔsàng)
消極／消极 (xiāojí)
消沉 (xiāochén)
灰 (huī) (literary, or in compounds)
灰心 (huīxīn)
灰心喪氣／灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
煩悶／烦闷 (fánmèn)
神傷／神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
苦悶／苦闷 (kǔmèn)
萎靡
陰暗／阴暗 (yīn'àn)
陰沉／阴沉 (yīnchén)
頹唐／颓唐 (tuítáng)
頹喪／颓丧 (tuísàng)
頹廢／颓废 (tuífèi)
鬱悶／郁闷 (yùmèn)
鬱鬱／郁郁 (yùyù) (literary)
鬱鬱不樂／郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
齪嘈／龊嘈 (Hokkien)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
低	落
てい Grade: 4	らく Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) てーらく [tèérákú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [te̞ːɾa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

低(てい)落(らく) • (teiraku)

fall, decline, slump

Synonyms

Antonyms

高騰(こうとう) (kōtō, “rise”)
上昇(じょうしょう) (jōshō, “rise”)

Verb

低(てい)落(らく)する • (teiraku suru) suru (stem 低(てい)落(らく)し (teiraku shi), past 低(てい)落(らく)した (teiraku shita))

to fall, to decline

Conjugation

Conjugation of "低落する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	低落し	ていらくし	teiraku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	低落し	ていらくし	teiraku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	低落する	ていらくする	teiraku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	低落する	ていらくする	teiraku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	低落すれ	ていらくすれ	teiraku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	低落せよ¹ 低落しろ²	ていらくせよ¹ ていらくしろ²	teiraku seyo¹ teiraku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	低落される	ていらくされる	teiraku sareru
Causative	低落させる低落さす	ていらくさせるていらくさす	teiraku saseru teiraku sasu
Potential	低落できる	ていらくできる	teiraku dekiru
Volitional	低落しよう	ていらくしよう	teiraku shiyō
Negative	低落しない	ていらくしない	teiraku shinai
Negative continuative	低落せず	ていらくせず	teiraku sezu
Formal	低落します	ていらくします	teiraku shimasu
Perfective	低落した	ていらくした	teiraku shita
Conjunctive	低落して	ていらくして	teiraku shite
Hypothetical conditional	低落すれば	ていらくすれば	teiraku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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