三日月

Japanese
Kanji in this term
三 日 月
み
Grade: 1		 か
Grade: 1		 つき > づき
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
朏 (rare)

Etymology

From Old Japanese.

Compound of 三日 (mika, “third day of a lunar month”) +‎ 月 (tsuki, “moon”). The tsuki changes to zuki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) みかづき [mìkázúkí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [mʲika̠zɨᵝkʲi]

Noun

三(み)日(か)月(づき) • (mikazuki) 

  1. a crescent moon on the third day of a lunar month, especially on the eighth lunar month
  2. (by extension) Short for 三日月形 (mikazuki-gata): a crescent moon in general
    • Hidekaz Himaruya, “ヘタリアと愉快な仲間たち [Hetalia and Blissful Friends]”, in Axis Powers ヘタリア [Axis Powers Hetalia], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Gentosha, →ISBN, page 24:
      トルコ
      【首(しゅ)都(と)】アンカラ
      【公(こう)用(よう)語(ご)】トルコ語(ご)
      【国(こっ)花(か)】チューリップ
      【国(こっ)旗(き)の意(い)味(み)】
      救(きゅう)国(こく)の伝(でん)説(せつ)からとられた三(み)日(か)月(づき)と星(ほし)は、民(みん)族(ぞく)の進(しん)歩(ぽ)と国(こっ)家(か)の独(どく)立(りつ)を象(しょう)徴(ちょう)し、赤(あか)色(いろ)はオスマン朝(ちょう)の色(いろ)とされている。
      Toruko
      【Shuto】Ankara
      【Kōyōgo】Toruko-go
      【Kokka】Chūrippu
      【Kokki no imi】
      Kyūkoku no densetsu kara torareta mikazuki to hoshi wa, minzoku no shinpo to kokka no dokuritsu o shōchō shi, akairo wa Osuman-chō no iro to sareteiru.
      Turkey
      Capital: Ankara
      Official language: Turkish
      National flower: Tulip
      National flag’s meaning:
      The crescent and star, which derive from the legendary battle for the country, represent the country’s development and the state’s independence, and the color red was the color of the Ottoman dynasty.
  3. Synonym of 小爪 (kozume): a claw in the shape of a crescent moon
  4. a type of mask used in Noh

Derived terms
Derived terms

Proper noun

三(み)日(か)月(づき) • (Mikazuki) 

  1. a placename
  2. a surname
  3. a male given name

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Old Japanese

Etymology

Compound of 三日 (mi1ka, “third day of a lunar month”) +‎ 月 (tuki2, “moon”).

Noun

三日月 (mi1kaduki2) (kana みかづき)

  1. a crescent moon on the third day of a lunar month
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 6, poem 994:
      振仰而若月見者一目見之人乃眉引所念可聞
      purisake2te mi1kaduki2 mi1reba pi1to2me2 mi1si pi1to2 no2 mayo1bi1ki1 omopoyuru ka mo
      The crescent moon calls to mind the painted eyebrow of a maiden I once glimpsed.[1]
  2. (by extension) a crescent moon in general
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 6, poem 993:
      月立而眞三日月之眉根掻氣長戀之君尓相有鴨
      tuki2 tatite tada mi1kaduki2 no mayo1ne kaki1 ke2 nagaku ko1pi2si ki1mi1 ni ape1ru ka mo
      The moon comes up and just like the crescent moon, my eyebrows as they itch―and having yearned for you so long I find that at last I have you.[2]

Descendants
  • Japanese: 三日月 (mikazuki)

References
  1. Paula Doe, Yakamochi Ōtomo (1982) A Warbler's Song in the Dusk: The Life and Work of Ōtomo Yakamochi (718-785), illustrated edition, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 67
  2. Jin'ichi Konishi (2017) Nicholas Teele, transl., Earl Roy Miner, editor, A History of Japanese Literature, Volume 1: The Archaic and Ancient Ages (Volume 4935 of Princeton Legacy Library), Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 408
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