一月

Chinese
 
one; single; a
one; single; a; (before verbs) as soon as, once; (before a noun) entire (family, etc.)
 moon; month
simp. and trad.
(一月)		 一 月

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 一 月
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 質 (48) 月 (68)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 於悉切 魚厥切
Baxter 'jit ngjwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔiɪt̚/ /ŋʉɐt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔit̚/ /ŋʷiɐt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔjet̚/ /ŋiuɐt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔit̚/ /ŋuat̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiĕt̚/ /ŋiuɐt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ĭĕt̚/ /ŋĭwɐt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ĕt̚/ /ŋi̯wɐt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yi yuè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jat1 jyut6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 一 月
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yī yuè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjit › ‹ ngjwot ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔi[t]/ /*[ŋ]ʷat/
English one moon, month

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 一 月
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 14833 16319
Phonetic
component		 一 月
Rime
group		 質 月
Rime
subdivision		 2 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 一 月
Old
Chinese		 /*qliɡ/ /*ŋod/

Noun

一月

  1. January
  2. first month of the Chinese lunar calendar

Synonyms
  • (solar month): 元月 (Yuányuè)
  • (lunar month, common): 正月 (zhēngyuè), 元月 (Yuányuè)
  • (lunar month, archaic): 端月 (duānyuè), 初月, 嘉月, 開歲／开岁, 新正 (xīnzhēng), 隅月, 孟月 (mèngyuè), 始春, 元春, 陬月 (Zōuyuè)

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (一月):

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
一 月
いち
Grade: 1		 がつ
Grade: 1
goon
Alternative spelling
1月

From 一 (ichi, “one”) +‎ 月 (-gatsu, “month”).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) いちがつ​ [ìchígátsúꜜ] (Odaka – [4])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [it͡ɕiɡa̠t͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

一(いち)月(がつ) • (ichigatsu) 

  1. January
  2. (archaic) the first month of the lunar calendar
    Synonym: 睦月 (mutsuki)
  3. one month
Derived terms
  • 一(いち)月(がつ)寺(じ) (Ichigatsu-ji)
  • 一(いち)月(がつ)場(ば)所(しょ) (ichigatsu basho)
  • 一(いち)月(がつ)蜂(ほう)起(き) (Ichigatsu Hōki)
See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
一 月
いち
Grade: 1		 げつ
Grade: 1
goon kan’on

Compound of Middle Chinese-derived elements 一 (ichi, “one”, 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu-sound”) reading) +‎ 月 (getsu, “moon, month”, 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han-sound”) reading).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) いちげ​つ [ìchígéꜜtsù] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • IPA(key): [it͡ɕiɡe̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

一(いち)月(げつ) • (ichigetsu) 

  1. (archaic) the first month of the lunar calendar
  2. one month
  3. a full moon
Derived terms
  • 一(いち)月(げつ)三(さん)舟(しゅう) (ichigetsu sanshū)
Proverbs
  • 一(いち)月(げつ)往(い)ぬる二(に)月(げつ)逃(に)げる三(さん)月(げつ)去(さ)る (ichigetsu inuru nigetsu nigeru sangetsu saru)

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
一 月
ひと
Grade: 1		 つき
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Possibly from Old Japanese.

Compound of 一 (hito, “one”) +‎ 月 (tsuki, “month”).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ひと​つき [hìtóꜜtsùkì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [çi̥to̞t͡sɨ̥ᵝkʲi]

Noun

一(ひと)月(つき) • (hitotsuki) 

  1. one month
Coordinate terms
Japanese number-counter combinations for 月(つき) (tsuki)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 How many?
一(ひと)月(つき) (hitotsuki) 二(ふた)月(つき) (futatsuki) 三(み)月(つき) (mitsuki) 四(よ)月(つき) (yotsuki) 五(いつ)月(つき) (itsutsuki) 六(む)月(つき) (mutsuki) 七(なな)月(つき) (nanatsuki) 八(や)月(つき) (yatsuki) 九(ここの)月(つき) (kokonotsuki) 十(と)月(つき) (totsuki) 何(なん)月(つき) (nantsuki)

See also

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
一月

Noun

一月 • (irwol) (hangeul 일월)

  1. Hanja form? of 일월.

Okinawan

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
一 月
いち
Grade: 1		 ぐゎち
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Cognate with mainland Japanese 一月 (ichigatsu).

Pronunciation
  • (Shuri-Naha) いちぐゎち [ìchígwáchí] (Heiban - [0])
  • IPA(key): [it͡ɕiɡʷat͡ɕi̻]

Noun

一(いち)月(ぐゎち) (ichigwachi) ←いちぐゎつぃ (itigwatwi)?

  1. January
  2. the first month of the lunar calendar
See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
一 月
ちゅ
Grade: 1		 ちち
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Cognate with mainland Japanese 一月 (hitotsuki).

Pronunciation

Noun

一(ちゅ)月(ちち) (chuchichi) ←ちゅつぃち (tyutwiti)?

  1. one month
Derived terms
  • 一(ちゅ)月(ちち)越(ぐ)し (chuchichigushi)

Old Japanese

Etymology

From 一 (pi1to2, “one”) +‎ 月 (tuki2, “month”).

Noun

一月 (pi1to2tuki2) (kana ひとつき)

  1. one month
    • 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Keitai, twenty-fourth year of reign [c. 530 CE], ninth month in autumn:
      於レ是二國、圖レ度二便地一、淹畱弦晦、築レ城而還、號曰二久禮牟羅城一。
      Thus the two countries [Baekje and Silla] measured out a piece of ground, settling for a month. They built a castle, named it Kuremura-nö-Sasi, and returned home.

Descendants
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