ἄστυ
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From ϝάστυ (wástu), from Proto-Hellenic *wástu; cognate with Sanskrit वस्तु (vástu, “house”), Latin verna, Tocharian A waṣt, Tocharian B ost.[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ás.ty/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈas.ty/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈas.ty/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈas.ty/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈas.ti/
Noun
ἄστῠ • (ástu) n (genitive ἄστεως); third declension
- a town, city; the inhabited part of a city in particular, rather than the citadel
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.332:
- Ἀλλ’ ἄγε μίμνετε πάντες ἐϋκνήμιδες Ἀχαιοὶ
αὐτοῦ εἰς ὅ κεν ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο ἕλωμεν.- All’ áge mímnete pántes eüknḗmides Akhaioì
autoû eis hó ken ástu méga Priámoio hélōmen. - Nay, come, abide ye all, ye well-greaved Achaeans, even where ye are, until we take the great city of Priam.
- All’ áge mímnete pántes eüknḗmides Akhaioì
- Ἀλλ’ ἄγε μίμνετε πάντες ἐϋκνήμιδες Ἀχαιοὶ
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ ᾰ̓́στῠ tò ástu |
τὼ ᾰ̓́στει tṑ ástei |
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́στη / ᾰ̓́στεᾰ tà ástē / ástea | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ ᾰ̓́στεως toû ásteōs |
τοῖν ᾰ̓στέοιν toîn astéoin |
τῶν ᾰ̓́στεων tôn ásteōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ ᾰ̓́στει tôi ástei |
τοῖν ᾰ̓στέοιν toîn astéoin |
τοῖς ᾰ̓́στεσῐ / ᾰ̓́στεσῐν toîs ástesi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ ᾰ̓́στῠ tò ástu |
τὼ ᾰ̓́στει tṑ ástei |
τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́στη / ᾰ̓́στεᾰ tà ástē / ástea | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ᾰ̓́στῠ ástu |
ᾰ̓́στει ástei |
ᾰ̓́στη / ᾰ̓́στεᾰ ástē / ástea | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ᾰ̓́στῠ ástu |
ᾰ̓́στει ástei |
ᾰ̓́στη / ᾰ̓́στεᾰ ástē / ástea | ||||||||||
| Genitive | ᾰ̓́στεος ásteos |
ᾰ̓στέοιῐν astéoiin |
ᾰ̓́στεων ásteōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | ᾰ̓́στει ástei |
ᾰ̓στέοιῐν astéoiin |
ᾰ̓στέεσσῐ / ᾰ̓στέεσσῐν / ᾰ̓στέεσῐ / ᾰ̓στέεσῐν / ᾰ̓́στεσῐ / ᾰ̓́στεσῐν astéessi(n) / astéesi(n) / ástesi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | ᾰ̓́στῠ ástu |
ᾰ̓́στει ástei |
ᾰ̓́στη / ᾰ̓́στεᾰ ástē / ástea | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ᾰ̓́στῠ ástu |
ᾰ̓́στει ástei |
ᾰ̓́στη / ᾰ̓́στεᾰ ástē / ástea | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Synonyms
- πόλῐς (pólis), πτόλις (ptólis), πτολίεθρον (ptolíethron)
Derived terms
- Ἀστυδάμεια (Astudámeia)
- Ἀστυκράτεια (Astukráteia)
- Αστυνόμη (Astunómē)
- Ἀστύνοος (Astúnoos)
- ἀστύξενοι (astúxenoi)
- Ἀστυόχη (Astuókhē)
- Ἀστῠάγης (Astuágēs)
- Ἀστῠάναξ (Astuánax)
- Ἀστῠάνασσα (Astuánassa)
- ἀστῠ́αρχος (astúarkhos)
- ἀστῠβοώτης (astuboṓtēs)
- ἀστῠγειτνῐᾰ́ω (astugeitniáō)
- ἀστῠγείτων (astugeítōn)
- ἀστῠδρομέομαι (astudroméomai)
- ἀστῠδῐ́κης (astudíkēs)
- ἀστῠ́θεμῐς (astúthemis)
- Ἀστῠ́λος (Astúlos)
- ἀστῠνόμος (astunómos)
- ἀστῠ́νῑκος (astúnīkos)
- ἀστῠόχος (astuókhos)
- Ἀστῠπάλαια (Astupálaia)
- ἀστῠπολέω (astupoléō)
- ἀστῠ́τριψ (astútrips)
- ἀστῠφέλικτος (astuphéliktos)
- ἀστῠ́φελος (astúphelos)
- ἀστῠᾰ́ναξ (astuánax)
- ὅμαστος (hómastos)
Related terms
Descendants
- Greek: άστυ (ásty)
Further reading
- “ἄστυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄστυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἄστυ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄστυ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄστυ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄστυ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἄστυ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- ἄστυ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄστυ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 158
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