ܪܝܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms
  • ܪܹܫܵܐ (rēšā)

Etymology

From Aramaic רֵישָׁא (rēšā), from Proto-Semitic *raʔš-; compare Arabic رَأْس (raʔs), Hebrew רֹאשׁ (rosh) and Akkadian 𒊕 (rēšum).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [reːʃɑː]
  • (Urmian) IPA(key): [riːʃɑː]

Noun

ܪܹܝܫܵܐ • (rēšā) m (plural ܪܹ̈ܝܫܹܐ (rēšē) or ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܹܐ (rēšānē) or ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (rēšawwāṯā), feminine ܪܹܝܫܬܵܐ (rēštā))

  1. (anatomy) head
  2. summit, top, tip, point, edge, end
  3. beginning, front, starting point
  4. first, best, chief, principal, superior
  5. ruler, prefect, magistrate
  6. poll
  7. division of a discourse; heading, chapter, treatise
  8. (orthography) initial letter
  9. lid, cap

Usage notes

The plural ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܹܐ (rēšānē) is only used for the sense of "rulers, prefects, magistrates"

Inflection
Inflection of ܪܹܝܫܵܐ (rēšā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܪܹܝܫܝܼ
(rēšī)		 ܪܹܝܫܲܢ
(rēšan)
construct ܪܹܝܫ
(rēš)		 2nd person ܪܹܝܫܘܼܟ݂
(rēšūḵ)		 ܪܹܝܫܵܟ݂ܝ
(rēšāḵ)		 ܪܹܝܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(rēšāwḵōn)
emphatic ܪܹܝܫܵܐ
(rēšā)		 3rd person ܪܹܝܫܹܗ
(rēšēh)		 ܪܹܝܫܘܿܗ̇
(rēšōh)		 ܪܹܝܫܗܘܿܢ
(rēšhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܝܼ
(rēšānī)		 ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܲܢ
(rēšānan)
construct ܪܹ̈ܝܫܲܝ
(rēšay)		 2nd person ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܘܼܟ݂
(rēšānūḵ)		 ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ
(rēšānāḵ)		 ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(rēšānāwḵōn)
emphatic ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܹܐ
(rēšānē)		 3rd person ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܘܼܗܝ
(rēšānūh)		 ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܘܿܗ̇
(rēšānōh)		 ܪܹ̈ܝܫܵܢܗܘܿܢ
(rēšānhōn)

Derived terms

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms
  • ܪܫܐ

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *raʔš-.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [re(j)ʃɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [re(j)ʃe(ʔ)], [re(j)ʃɑne(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܪܝܫܐ • (rēšā) m (plural ܪܝܫܢܐ or ܪܝܫܐ)

  1. (anatomy) head, poll
  2. single person
  3. summit, top, tip, point, edge, end
  4. beginning, front, starting point
  5. first, best, chief, principal, superior
  6. preeminence, superiority
  7. ruler, prefect, magistrate
  8. division of a discourse; heading, chapter, treatise
  9. (orthography) initial letter
  10. capital city
  11. region
  12. (military) army, detachment, corps, military unit
  13. first fruits
  14. topic
  15. line
  16. poison, venom

Usage notes

The plural ܪܝܫܢܐ (rêšānēʾ) is used for the sense of "magistrates" while the plural ܪܝܫܐ (rêšēʾ) is used for all other senses.

Inflection
    declension of ܪܝܫܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܪܝܫ ܪܝܫܢܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܢ
construct ܪܝܫ ܪܝܫܢܝ ,ܪܝܫܝ
emphatic ܪܝܫܐ ܪܝܫܢܐ ,ܪܝܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܪܝܫܝ ܪܝܫܢܝ ,ܪܝܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܪܝܫܟ ܪܝܫܢܝܟ ,ܪܝܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܪܝܫܟܝ ܪܝܫܢܝܟܝ ,ܪܝܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܪܝܫܗ ܪܝܫܢܘܗܝ ,ܪܝܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܪܝܫܗ ܪܝܫܢܝܗ ,ܪܝܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܪܝܫܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܪܝܫܟܘܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܟܘܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܪܝܫܟܝܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܟܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܪܝܫܗܘܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܗܘܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܪܝܫܗܝܢ ܪܝܫܢܝܗܝܢ ,ܪܝܫܝܗܝܢ

References
  • “ryš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 345b
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 539b-540a
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 1462b-1463a

Turoyo

Alternative forms
  • ܪܶܫܳܐ (rešo)

Etymology

From Aramaic רישא (reʃɑ).

Noun

ܪܝܫܳܐ • (rišo) m

  1. (anatomy) head
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