نفس
See also: نقس
Arabic
Root |
---|
ن ف س (n-f-s) |
Verb
نَفُسَ • (nafusa) I, non-past يَنْفُسُ (yanfusu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَفُسَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns نَفَس or نِفَاس or نَفَاسَة)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
nafas or nifās or nafāsa | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
nāfis | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nafustu |
nafusta |
nafusa |
نَفُسْتُمَا nafustumā |
نَفُسَا nafusā |
nafusnā |
nafustum |
nafusū | |||
f | nafusti |
nafusat |
نَفُسَتَا nafusatā |
nafustunna |
nafusna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanfusu |
tanfusu |
yanfusu |
تَنْفُسَانِ tanfusāni |
يَنْفُسَانِ yanfusāni |
nanfusu |
tanfusūna |
yanfusūna | |||
f | tanfusīna |
tanfusu |
تَنْفُسَانِ tanfusāni |
tanfusna |
yanfusna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanfusa |
tanfusa |
yanfusa |
تَنْفُسَا tanfusā |
يَنْفُسَا yanfusā |
nanfusa |
tanfusū |
yanfusū | |||
f | tanfusī |
tanfusa |
تَنْفُسَا tanfusā |
tanfusna |
yanfusna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanfus |
tanfus |
yanfus |
تَنْفُسَا tanfusā |
يَنْفُسَا yanfusā |
nanfus |
tanfusū |
yanfusū | |||
f | tanfusī |
tanfus |
تَنْفُسَا tanfusā |
tanfusna |
yanfusna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | unfus |
اُنْفُسَا unfusā |
unfusū |
||||||||
f | unfusī |
unfusna |
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَفِسَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَفَس)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
nafas | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
nāfis | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nafistu |
nafista |
nafisa |
نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā |
نَفِسَا nafisā |
nafisnā |
nafistum |
nafisū | |||
f | nafisti |
nafisat |
نَفِسَتَا nafisatā |
nafistunna |
nafisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanfasu |
tanfasu |
yanfasu |
تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni |
يَنْفَسَانِ yanfasāni |
nanfasu |
tanfasūna |
yanfasūna | |||
f | tanfasīna |
tanfasu |
تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanfasa |
tanfasa |
yanfasa |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
يَنْفَسَا yanfasā |
nanfasa |
tanfasū |
yanfasū | |||
f | tanfasī |
tanfasa |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanfas |
tanfas |
yanfas |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
يَنْفَسَا yanfasā |
nanfas |
tanfasū |
yanfasū | |||
f | tanfasī |
tanfas |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | infas |
اِنْفَسَا infasā |
infasū |
||||||||
f | infasī |
infasna |
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَفِسَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَفَاسَة)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
nafāsa | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
nāfis | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَنْفُوس manfūs | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nafistu |
nafista |
nafisa |
نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā |
نَفِسَا nafisā |
nafisnā |
nafistum |
nafisū | |||
f | nafisti |
nafisat |
نَفِسَتَا nafisatā |
nafistunna |
nafisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanfasu |
tanfasu |
yanfasu |
تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni |
يَنْفَسَانِ yanfasāni |
nanfasu |
tanfasūna |
yanfasūna | |||
f | tanfasīna |
tanfasu |
تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanfasa |
tanfasa |
yanfasa |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
يَنْفَسَا yanfasā |
nanfasa |
tanfasū |
yanfasū | |||
f | tanfasī |
tanfasa |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanfas |
tanfas |
yanfas |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
يَنْفَسَا yanfasā |
nanfas |
tanfasū |
yanfasū | |||
f | tanfasī |
tanfas |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | infas |
اِنْفَسَا infasā |
infasū |
||||||||
f | infasī |
infasna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nufistu |
nufista |
nufisa |
نُفِسْتُمَا nufistumā |
نُفِسَا nufisā |
nufisnā |
nufistum |
nufisū | |||
f | nufisti |
nufisat |
نُفِسَتَا nufisatā |
nufistunna |
nufisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunfasu |
tunfasu |
yunfasu |
تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni |
يُنْفَسَانِ yunfasāni |
nunfasu |
tunfasūna |
yunfasūna | |||
f | tunfasīna |
tunfasu |
تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni |
tunfasna |
yunfasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunfasa |
tunfasa |
yunfasa |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
يُنْفَسَا yunfasā |
nunfasa |
tunfasū |
yunfasū | |||
f | tunfasī |
tunfasa |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
tunfasna |
yunfasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunfas |
tunfas |
yunfas |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
يُنْفَسَا yunfasā |
nunfas |
tunfasū |
yunfasū | |||
f | tunfasī |
tunfas |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
tunfasna |
yunfasna |
Verb
نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ (yanfasu)
نُفِسَ • (nufisa) I, non-past يُنْفَسُ (yunfasu) (passive voice)
- to be in childbed
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَفِسَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نِفَاس)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
nifās | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
nāfis | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nafistu |
nafista |
nafisa |
نَفِسْتُمَا nafistumā |
نَفِسَا nafisā |
nafisnā |
nafistum |
nafisū | |||
f | nafisti |
nafisat |
نَفِسَتَا nafisatā |
nafistunna |
nafisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanfasu |
tanfasu |
yanfasu |
تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni |
يَنْفَسَانِ yanfasāni |
nanfasu |
tanfasūna |
yanfasūna | |||
f | tanfasīna |
tanfasu |
تَنْفَسَانِ tanfasāni |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanfasa |
tanfasa |
yanfasa |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
يَنْفَسَا yanfasā |
nanfasa |
tanfasū |
yanfasū | |||
f | tanfasī |
tanfasa |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanfas |
tanfas |
yanfas |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
يَنْفَسَا yanfasā |
nanfas |
tanfasū |
yanfasū | |||
f | tanfasī |
tanfas |
تَنْفَسَا tanfasā |
tanfasna |
yanfasna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | infas |
اِنْفَسَا infasā |
infasū |
||||||||
f | infasī |
infasna |
Conjugation of
نُفِسَ
(form-I sound passive, verbal noun نِفَاس)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
nifās | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَنْفُوس manfūs | |||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nufistu |
nufista |
nufisa |
نُفِسْتُمَا nufistumā |
نُفِسَا nufisā |
nufisnā |
nufistum |
nufisū | |||
f | nufisti |
nufisat |
نُفِسَتَا nufisatā |
nufistunna |
nufisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunfasu |
tunfasu |
yunfasu |
تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni |
يُنْفَسَانِ yunfasāni |
nunfasu |
tunfasūna |
yunfasūna | |||
f | tunfasīna |
tunfasu |
تُنْفَسَانِ tunfasāni |
tunfasna |
yunfasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunfasa |
tunfasa |
yunfasa |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
يُنْفَسَا yunfasā |
nunfasa |
tunfasū |
yunfasū | |||
f | tunfasī |
tunfasa |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
tunfasna |
yunfasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunfas |
tunfas |
yunfas |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
يُنْفَسَا yunfasā |
nunfas |
tunfasū |
yunfasū | |||
f | tunfasī |
tunfas |
تُنْفَسَا tunfasā |
tunfasna |
yunfasna |
Verb
نَفَّسَ • (naffasa) II, non-past يُنَفِّسُ (yunaffisu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَفَّسَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tanfīs | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
munaffis | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
munaffas | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | naffastu |
naffasta |
naffasa |
نَفَّسْتُمَا naffastumā |
نَفَّسَا naffasā |
naffasnā |
naffastum |
naffasū | |||
f | naffasti |
naffasat |
نَفَّسَتَا naffasatā |
naffastunna |
naffasna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunaffisu |
tunaffisu |
yunaffisu |
تُنَفِّسَانِ tunaffisāni |
يُنَفِّسَانِ yunaffisāni |
nunaffisu |
tunaffisūna |
yunaffisūna | |||
f | tunaffisīna |
tunaffisu |
تُنَفِّسَانِ tunaffisāni |
tunaffisna |
yunaffisna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunaffisa |
tunaffisa |
yunaffisa |
تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā |
يُنَفِّسَا yunaffisā |
nunaffisa |
tunaffisū |
yunaffisū | |||
f | tunaffisī |
tunaffisa |
تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā |
tunaffisna |
yunaffisna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunaffis |
tunaffis |
yunaffis |
تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā |
يُنَفِّسَا yunaffisā |
nunaffis |
tunaffisū |
yunaffisū | |||
f | tunaffisī |
tunaffis |
تُنَفِّسَا tunaffisā |
tunaffisna |
yunaffisna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | naffis |
نَفِّسَا naffisā |
naffisū |
||||||||
f | naffisī |
naffisna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nuffistu |
nuffista |
nuffisa |
نُفِّسْتُمَا nuffistumā |
نُفِّسَا nuffisā |
nuffisnā |
nuffistum |
nuffisū | |||
f | nuffisti |
nuffisat |
نُفِّسَتَا nuffisatā |
nuffistunna |
nuffisna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunaffasu |
tunaffasu |
yunaffasu |
تُنَفَّسَانِ tunaffasāni |
يُنَفَّسَانِ yunaffasāni |
nunaffasu |
tunaffasūna |
yunaffasūna | |||
f | tunaffasīna |
tunaffasu |
تُنَفَّسَانِ tunaffasāni |
tunaffasna |
yunaffasna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunaffasa |
tunaffasa |
yunaffasa |
تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā |
يُنَفَّسَا yunaffasā |
nunaffasa |
tunaffasū |
yunaffasū | |||
f | tunaffasī |
tunaffasa |
تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā |
tunaffasna |
yunaffasna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunaffas |
tunaffas |
yunaffas |
تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā |
يُنَفَّسَا yunaffasā |
nunaffas |
tunaffasū |
yunaffasū | |||
f | tunaffasī |
tunaffas |
تُنَفَّسَا tunaffasā |
tunaffasna |
yunaffasna |
Etymology 2
From Proto-Semitic *napš-.
Pronunciation 1
- IPA(key): /nafs/
Noun
نَفْس • (nafs) f (plural نُفُوس (nufūs) or أَنْفُس (ʔanfus))
- self
- (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) in idafa with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
- نَفْسُهُ ― nafsuhu ― himself
- (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) as reflexive
- قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ ― qatala nafsahu ― He killed himself. [reflexive]
- رَأَيْتُ نَفْسِي فِي ٱلْمِرْآةِ ― raʔaytu nafsī fī l-mirʔāti ― I saw myself in the mirror.
- (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) as emphatic
- جَاءَنِي هُوَ نَفْسُهُ.
- jāʔanī huwa nafsuhu.
- He came to me himself or in person.
- a. 1360, Ibn Hishām Al-Ansāriyy, Sharh Qatr Al-Nadā Wa-Ball Al-Sadā:
- وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ ٱلْعَرَبِ: «اِتَّقَى ٱللَّهَ ٱمْرُؤٌ فَعَلَ خَيْرًا يُثَبْ عَلَيْهِ» بِٱلْجَزْمِ، فَوَجْهُهُ أَنَّ «ٱتَّقَى ٱللَّهَ» وَ«فَعَلَ خَيْرًا» وَإِنْ كَانَا فِعْلَيْنِ مَاضِيَيْنِ ظَاهِرُهُمَا ٱلْخَبَرُ، إِلَّا أَنَّ ٱلْمُرَادَ بِهِمَا ٱلطَّلَبُ، وَٱلْمَعْنَى: لِيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ ٱمْرُؤٌ وَلْيَفْعَلْ خَيْرًا، وَكَذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ هَلۡ أَدُلُّكُمۡ عَلَىٰ تِجَـٰرَةࣲ تُنجِیكُم مِّنۡ عَذَابٍ أَلِیمࣲ ١٠ تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ فِی سَبِیلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَ ٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡۚ ذَ ٰلِكُمۡ خَیۡرࣱ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ١١ یَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ﴾ فَجَزْمُ يَغْفِرْ لِأَنَّهُ جَوَابٌ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ﴾ لِكَوْنِهِ فِي مَعْنَى «آمِنُوا وَجَاهِدُوا»، وَلَيْسَ جَوَابًا لِلِٱسْتِفْهَامِ، لِأَنَّ غُفْرَانَ ٱلذُّنُوبِ لَا يَتَسَبَّبُ عَنْ نَفْسِ ٱلدَّلَالَةِ، بَلْ عَنِ ٱلْإِيمَانِ وَٱلْجِهَادِ.
- waʔammā qawlu l-ʕarabi: “ittaqā l-laha mruʔun faʕala ḵayran yuṯab ʕalayhi” bi-l-jazmi, fawajhuhu ʔanna “ttaqā l-laha” wa“faʕala ḵayran” waʔin kānā fiʕlayni māḍiyayni ẓāhiruhumā l-ḵabaru, ʔillā ʔanna l-murāda bihimā ṭ-ṭalabu, wal-maʕnā: liyattaqi l-laha mruʔun walyafʕal ḵayran, wakaḏālika qawluhu taʕālā: “yā ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū hal ʔadullukum ʕalā tijāratin tunjīkum min ʕaḏābin ʔalīmin? tuʔminūna bi-l-lāhi warasūlihī watujāhidūna fī sabīli l-lahi biʔamwālikum waʔanfusikum; ḏālikum ḵayrun lakum ʔin kuntum taʕlamūna, yaḡfir lakum” fajazmu yaḡfir liʔannahu jawābun liqawlihi taʕālā: “tuʔminūna bi-l-lahi warasūlihī watujāhidūna” likawnihi fī maʕnā “ʔāminū wajāhidū”, walaysa jawāban lilistifhāmi, liʔanna ḡufrāna ḏ-ḏunūbi lā yatasabbabu ʕan nafsi d-dalālati, bal ʕani l-ʔīmāni wal-jihādi.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (plural أَنْفُس (ʔanfus)) in idafa with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
- same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun in the genitive, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
- consciousness
- psyche, mind
- spirit, soul
- life, breath
- essence, nature
- inclination, appetite, proclivity
- personal identity
Inflection
Inflected forms | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | نَفْسُ (nafsu) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine | |
First person | نَفْسِي (nafsī) | أَنْفُسُنَا (ʔanfusunā) | |||
Second person | نَفْسُكَ (nafsuka) | نَفْسُكِ (nafsuki) | أَنْفُسُكُمَا (ʔanfusukumā) | أَنْفُسُكُمْ (ʔanfusukum) | أَنْفُسُكُنَّ (ʔanfusukunna) |
Third person | نَفْسُهُ (nafsuhu) | نَفْسُهَا (nafsuhā) | أَنْفُسُهُمَا (ʔanfusuhumā) | أَنْفُسُهُمْ (ʔanfusuhum) | أَنْفُسُهُنَّ (ʔanfusuhunna) |
Inflected forms | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | نَفْسَ (nafsa) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine | |
First person | نَفْسِي (nafsī) | أَنْفُسَنَا (ʔanfusanā) | |||
Second person | نَفْسَكَ (nafsaka) | نَفْسَكِ (nafsaki) | أَنْفُسَكُمَا (ʔanfusakumā) | أَنْفُسَكُمْ (ʔanfusakum) | أَنْفُسَكُنَّ (ʔanfusakunna) |
Third person | نَفْسَهُ (nafsahu) | نَفْسَهَا (nafsahā) | أَنْفُسَهُمَا (ʔanfusahumā) | أَنْفُسَهُمْ (ʔanfusahum) | أَنْفُسَهُنَّ (ʔanfusahunna) |
Inflected forms | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | نَفْسِ (nafsi) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine | |
First person | نَفْسِي (nafsī) | أَنْفُسِنَا (ʔanfusinā) | |||
Second person | نَفْسِكَ (nafsika) | نَفْسِكِ (nafsiki) | أَنْفُسِكُمَا (ʔanfusikumā) | أَنْفُسِكُمْ (ʔanfusikum) | أَنْفُسِكُنَّ (ʔanfusikunna) |
Third person | نَفْسِهِ (nafsihi) | نَفْسِهَا (nafsihā) | أَنْفُسِهِمَا (ʔanfusihimā) | أَنْفُسِهِمْ (ʔanfusihim) | أَنْفُسِهِنَّ (ʔanfusihinna) |
Declension
Declension of noun نَفْس (nafs)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَفْس nafs |
النَّفْس an-nafs |
نَفْس nafs |
Nominative | نَفْسٌ nafsun |
النَّفْسُ an-nafsu |
نَفْسُ nafsu |
Accusative | نَفْسًا nafsan |
النَّفْسَ an-nafsa |
نَفْسَ nafsa |
Genitive | نَفْسٍ nafsin |
النَّفْسِ an-nafsi |
نَفْسِ nafsi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَفْسَيْن nafsayn |
النَّفْسَيْن an-nafsayn |
نَفْسَيْ nafsay |
Nominative | نَفْسَانِ nafsāni |
النَّفْسَانِ an-nafsāni |
نَفْسَا nafsā |
Accusative | نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni |
النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni |
نَفْسَيْ nafsay |
Genitive | نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni |
النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni |
نَفْسَيْ nafsay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نُفُوس; أَنْفُس nufūs; ʔanfus |
النُّفُوس; الْأَنْفُس an-nufūs; al-ʔanfus |
نُفُوس; أَنْفُس nufūs; ʔanfus |
Nominative | نُفُوسٌ; أَنْفُسٌ nufūsun; ʔanfusun |
النُّفُوسُ; الْأَنْفُسُ an-nufūsu; al-ʔanfusu |
نُفُوسُ; أَنْفُسُ nufūsu; ʔanfusu |
Accusative | نُفُوسًا; أَنْفُسًا nufūsan; ʔanfusan |
النُّفُوسَ; الْأَنْفُسَ an-nufūsa; al-ʔanfusa |
نُفُوسَ; أَنْفُسَ nufūsa; ʔanfusa |
Genitive | نُفُوسٍ; أَنْفُسٍ nufūsin; ʔanfusin |
النُّفُوسِ; الْأَنْفُسِ an-nufūsi; al-ʔanfusi |
نُفُوسِ; أَنْفُسِ nufūsi; ʔanfusi |
Synonyms
- (emphatic): عَيْن (ʕayn)
Derived terms
- بِنَفْسِهِ (binafsihi, “himself, in person, personally”)
- مِنْ نَفْسِهِ (min nafsihi, “of his own accord”)
- نَفْسِيّ (nafsiyy)
- نَفْسِيَّة (nafsiyya)
- عِلْمُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (ʕilmu n-nafsi, “psychology”)
- صَغِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (ṣaḡīru n-nafsi, “base-minded, low-minded”, literally “small of mind”)
- كَبِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (kabīru n-nafsi, “high-minded, proud”, literally “big of mind”)
Pronunciation 2
- IPA(key): /nafs/
Noun
نَفْس • (nafs) m (plural نُفُوس (nufūs) or أَنْفُس (ʔanfus))
- living creature, living being, human being, person
Declension
Declension of noun نَفْس (nafs)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَفْس nafs |
النَّفْس an-nafs |
نَفْس nafs |
Nominative | نَفْسٌ nafsun |
النَّفْسُ an-nafsu |
نَفْسُ nafsu |
Accusative | نَفْسًا nafsan |
النَّفْسَ an-nafsa |
نَفْسَ nafsa |
Genitive | نَفْسٍ nafsin |
النَّفْسِ an-nafsi |
نَفْسِ nafsi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَفْسَيْن nafsayn |
النَّفْسَيْن an-nafsayn |
نَفْسَيْ nafsay |
Nominative | نَفْسَانِ nafsāni |
النَّفْسَانِ an-nafsāni |
نَفْسَا nafsā |
Accusative | نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni |
النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni |
نَفْسَيْ nafsay |
Genitive | نَفْسَيْنِ nafsayni |
النَّفْسَيْنِ an-nafsayni |
نَفْسَيْ nafsay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نُفُوس; أَنْفُس nufūs; ʔanfus |
النُّفُوس; الْأَنْفُس an-nufūs; al-ʔanfus |
نُفُوس; أَنْفُس nufūs; ʔanfus |
Nominative | نُفُوسٌ; أَنْفُسٌ nufūsun; ʔanfusun |
النُّفُوسُ; الْأَنْفُسُ an-nufūsu; al-ʔanfusu |
نُفُوسُ; أَنْفُسُ nufūsu; ʔanfusu |
Accusative | نُفُوسًا; أَنْفُسًا nufūsan; ʔanfusan |
النُّفُوسَ; الْأَنْفُسَ an-nufūsa; al-ʔanfusa |
نُفُوسَ; أَنْفُسَ nufūsa; ʔanfusa |
Genitive | نُفُوسٍ; أَنْفُسٍ nufūsin; ʔanfusin |
النُّفُوسِ; الْأَنْفُسِ an-nufūsi; al-ʔanfusi |
نُفُوسِ; أَنْفُسِ nufūsi; ʔanfusi |
Pronunciation 3
- IPA(key): /na.fas/
Audio (file)
Noun
نَفَس • (nafas) m (plural أَنْفَاس (ʔanfās))
Declension
Declension of noun نَفَس (nafas)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَفَس nafas |
النَّفَس an-nafas |
نَفَس nafas |
Nominative | نَفَسٌ nafasun |
النَّفَسُ an-nafasu |
نَفَسُ nafasu |
Accusative | نَفَسًا nafasan |
النَّفَسَ an-nafasa |
نَفَسَ nafasa |
Genitive | نَفَسٍ nafasin |
النَّفَسِ an-nafasi |
نَفَسِ nafasi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَفَسَيْن nafasayn |
النَّفَسَيْن an-nafasayn |
نَفَسَيْ nafasay |
Nominative | نَفَسَانِ nafasāni |
النَّفَسَانِ an-nafasāni |
نَفَسَا nafasā |
Accusative | نَفَسَيْنِ nafasayni |
النَّفَسَيْنِ an-nafasayni |
نَفَسَيْ nafasay |
Genitive | نَفَسَيْنِ nafasayni |
النَّفَسَيْنِ an-nafasayni |
نَفَسَيْ nafasay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَنْفَاس ʔanfās |
الْأَنْفَاس al-ʔanfās |
أَنْفَاس ʔanfās |
Nominative | أَنْفَاسٌ ʔanfāsun |
الْأَنْفَاسُ al-ʔanfāsu |
أَنْفَاسُ ʔanfāsu |
Accusative | أَنْفَاسًا ʔanfāsan |
الْأَنْفَاسَ al-ʔanfāsa |
أَنْفَاسَ ʔanfāsa |
Genitive | أَنْفَاسٍ ʔanfāsin |
الْأَنْفَاسِ al-ʔanfāsi |
أَنْفَاسِ ʔanfāsi |
Descendants
References
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “نفس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 700–701
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “نفس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 313
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 1155–1556
Khalaj
Noun
نَفَس (nəfəs) (definite accusative نَفَسی, plural نَفَسلَر)
Moroccan Arabic
Root |
---|
ن ف س |
1 term |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naf.fas/
Verb
نفس • (naffas) II (non-past ينفس (ynaffas))
Conjugation
Conjugation of نفس | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | نفّست (naffast) | نفّستي (naffasti) | نفّس (naffas) | نفّسنا (naffasna) | نفّستوا (naffastu) | نفّسوا (naffsu) | |
f | نفّست (naffsāt) | |||||||
non-past | m | ننفّس (nnaffas) | تنفّس (tnaffas) | ينفّس (ynaffas) | ننفّسوا (nnaffsu) | تنفّسوا (tnaffsu) | ينفّسوا (ynaffsu) | |
f | تنفّسي (tnaffsi) | تنفّس (tnaffas) | ||||||
imperative | m | نفّس (naffas) | نفّسوا (naffsu) | |||||
f | نفّسي (naffsi) |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nafs/
Audio (file)
Noun
نفس • (nafs) m
- same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
- life, breath
- inclination, appetite, proclivity
Ottoman Turkish
Noun
نفس • (nefes) (plural انفاس)
Derived terms
- بالق نفسی (balık nefesi, “spermaceti”)
- تك نفس (tek nefes, “asthma”)
- صوڭ نفس (son nefes, “the moment just before death”)
- ضیق النفس (dıyku'n-nefes, “asthma”)
- ضیق نفس (dıyk-ı nefes, “asthma”)
- نفس آلمق (nefes almak, “to breath”)
- نفس طارلغی (nefes darlığı, “asthma”)
- نفس ویرمك (nefes vermek, “to exhale”)
Descendants
- Turkish: nefes
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “nefes”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3512
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نفس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1282
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Halitus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 685
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نفس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 5223
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “nefes”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نفس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2095
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “نفس”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 481
Persian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [næˈfæs]
Derived terms
- نفس کشیدن (nafas kešidan)
Related terms
- تنفس (tanaffos)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [næfs], [næːfs]
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ن ف س |
2 terms |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nafs/, [nafs]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Noun
Pronoun
نفس • (nafs-)
Inflection
Inflected forms of نفس | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | نفس (nafs) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
singular | plural | |||
m | f | ||||
1st person | نفسي (nafsi) | نفسنا (nafsna) | |||
2nd person | نفسك (nafsak) | نفسك (nafsek) | نفسكم (nafskom) | ||
3rd person | نفسه (nafso) | نفسها (nafsha) | نفسهم (nafshom) |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naf.fas/, [ˈnaf.fas]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
نفّس • (naffas) I (present بنفّس (binaffes))
- to breathe out, to exhale
- Antonym: تنفّس (tnaffas)
- (intransitive) to deflate
Conjugation
Conjugation of نفّس (naffas) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | نفّست (naffast) | نفّست (naffast) | نفّس (naffas) | نفّسنا (naffasna) | نفّستو (naffastu) | نفّسو (naffasu) | |
f | نفّستي (naffasti) | نفّست (naffasat) | ||||||
present | m | بنفّس (banaffes) | بتنفّس (bitnaffes) | بنفّس (binaffes) | مننفّس (minnaffes) | بتنفّسو (bitnaffsu) | بنفّسو (binaffsu) | |
f | بتنفّسي (bitnaffsi) | بتنفّس (bitnaffes) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | انفّس (anaffes) | تنفّس (tnaffes) | ينفّس (ynaffes) | ننفّس (nnaffes) | تنفّسو (tnaffsu) | ينفّسو (ynaffsu) | |
f | تنفّسي (tnaffsi) | تنفّس (tnaffes) | ||||||
imperative | m | نفّس (naffes) | نفّسو (naffsu) | |||||
f | نفّسي (naffsi) |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /na.fas/, [ˈna.fas]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
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