رمضان

Arabic
Root
ر م ض (r-m-ḍ)

Etymology

The month was a summer month in pre-Islamic times before the Quranic prohibition against leap months (Quran 9:37). Hence without doubt from the root ر م ض (r-m-ḍ), and related to رَمَض (ramaḍ, “parchedness, scorchedness”) and رَمْضَاء (ramḍāʔ, “sun-baked ground”). Compare also اِرْتَمَضَ (irtamaḍa, “to be consumed by grief and sorrow”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ra.ma.dˤaːn/
    • (Moroccan) IPA(key): /ram.dˤaːn/, /rum.dˤaːn/
  • Rhymes: -aːn

Proper noun

رَمَضَان • (ramaḍān) m

  1. Ramadan
  2. a male given name

Declension
Declension of proper noun رَمَضَان (ramaḍān)
Singular basic singular diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal — رَمَضَان
ramaḍān		 —
Nominative — رَمَضَانُ
ramaḍānu		 —
Accusative — رَمَضَانَ
ramaḍāna		 —
Genitive — رَمَضَانَ
ramaḍāna		 —

Noun

رَمَضَان • (ramaḍān) m (plural رَمَضَانَات (ramaḍānāt) or أَرْمِضَة (ʔarmiḍa) or أَرْمِضَاء (ʔarmiḍāʔ) or رَمَاضِين (ramāḍīn))

  1. Ramadan

Declension
Declension of noun رَمَضَان (ramaḍān)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَمَضَان
ramaḍān		 الرَّمَضَان
ar-ramaḍān		 رَمَضَان
ramaḍān
Nominative رَمَضَانٌ
ramaḍānun		 الرَّمَضَانُ
ar-ramaḍānu		 رَمَضَانُ
ramaḍānu
Accusative رَمَضَانًا
ramaḍānan		 الرَّمَضَانَ
ar-ramaḍāna		 رَمَضَانَ
ramaḍāna
Genitive رَمَضَانٍ
ramaḍānin		 الرَّمَضَانِ
ar-ramaḍāni		 رَمَضَانِ
ramaḍāni
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَمَضَانَيْن
ramaḍānayn		 الرَّمَضَانَيْن
ar-ramaḍānayn		 رَمَضَانَيْ
ramaḍānay
Nominative رَمَضَانَانِ
ramaḍānāni		 الرَّمَضَانَانِ
ar-ramaḍānāni		 رَمَضَانَا
ramaḍānā
Accusative رَمَضَانَيْنِ
ramaḍānayni		 الرَّمَضَانَيْنِ
ar-ramaḍānayni		 رَمَضَانَيْ
ramaḍānay
Genitive رَمَضَانَيْنِ
ramaḍānayni		 الرَّمَضَانَيْنِ
ar-ramaḍānayni		 رَمَضَانَيْ
ramaḍānay
Plural sound feminine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَمَضَانَات‎; أَرْمِضَة‎; أَرْمِضَاء‎; رَمَاضِين
ramaḍānāt‎; ʔarmiḍa‎; ʔarmiḍāʔ‎; ramāḍīn		 الرَّمَضَانَات‎; الْأَرْمِضَة‎; الْأَرْمِضَاء‎; الرَّمَاضِين
ar-ramaḍānāt‎; al-ʔarmiḍa‎; al-ʔarmiḍāʔ‎; ar-ramāḍīn		 رَمَضَانَات‎; أَرْمِضَة‎; أَرْمِضَاء‎; رَمَاضِين
ramaḍānāt‎; ʔarmiḍat‎; ʔarmiḍāʔ‎; ramāḍīn
Nominative رَمَضَانَاتٌ‎; أَرْمِضَةٌ‎; أَرْمِضَاءُ‎; رَمَاضِينُ
ramaḍānātun‎; ʔarmiḍatun‎; ʔarmiḍāʔu‎; ramāḍīnu		 الرَّمَضَانَاتُ‎; الْأَرْمِضَةُ‎; الْأَرْمِضَاءُ‎; الرَّمَاضِينُ
ar-ramaḍānātu‎; al-ʔarmiḍatu‎; al-ʔarmiḍāʔu‎; ar-ramāḍīnu		 رَمَضَانَاتُ‎; أَرْمِضَةُ‎; أَرْمِضَاءُ‎; رَمَاضِينُ
ramaḍānātu‎; ʔarmiḍatu‎; ʔarmiḍāʔu‎; ramāḍīnu
Accusative رَمَضَانَاتٍ‎; أَرْمِضَةً‎; أَرْمِضَاءَ‎; رَمَاضِينَ
ramaḍānātin‎; ʔarmiḍatan‎; ʔarmiḍāʔa‎; ramāḍīna		 الرَّمَضَانَاتِ‎; الْأَرْمِضَةَ‎; الْأَرْمِضَاءَ‎; الرَّمَاضِينَ
ar-ramaḍānāti‎; al-ʔarmiḍata‎; al-ʔarmiḍāʔa‎; ar-ramāḍīna		 رَمَضَانَاتِ‎; أَرْمِضَةَ‎; أَرْمِضَاءَ‎; رَمَاضِينَ
ramaḍānāti‎; ʔarmiḍata‎; ʔarmiḍāʔa‎; ramāḍīna
Genitive رَمَضَانَاتٍ‎; أَرْمِضَةٍ‎; أَرْمِضَاءَ‎; رَمَاضِينَ
ramaḍānātin‎; ʔarmiḍatin‎; ʔarmiḍāʔa‎; ramāḍīna		 الرَّمَضَانَاتِ‎; الْأَرْمِضَةِ‎; الْأَرْمِضَاءِ‎; الرَّمَاضِينِ
ar-ramaḍānāti‎; al-ʔarmiḍati‎; al-ʔarmiḍāʔi‎; ar-ramāḍīni		 رَمَضَانَاتِ‎; أَرْمِضَةِ‎; أَرْمِضَاءِ‎; رَمَاضِينِ
ramaḍānāti‎; ʔarmiḍati‎; ʔarmiḍāʔi‎; ramāḍīni

Coordinate terms
    Hijri calendar months in Arabic · الْأَشْهُر فِي التَّقْوِيمِ الْهِجْرِيّ (al-ʔašhur fī at-taqwīmi al-hijriyy) (layout · text)
    Muharram Safar Rabi I Rabi II
    اَلْمُحَرَّم (al-muḥarram)
    مُحَرَّم (muḥarram)    		 صَفَر (ṣafar) رَبِيع الْأَوَّل (rabīʕ al-ʔawwal) رَبِيع الْآخِر (rabīʕ al-ʔāḵir)
    رَبِيع الثَّانِي (rabīʕ aṯ-ṯānī)
    Jumada I Jumada II Rajab Sha'ban
    جُمَادَى الْأُولَى (jumādā l-ʔūlā) جُمَادَى الْآخِرَة (jumādā l-ʔāḵira)
    جُمَادَى الثَّانِي (jumādā ṯ-ṯānī)    		 رَجَب (rajab) شَعْبَان (šaʕbān)
    Ramadan Shawwal Dhu'l-Qa'da Dhu'l-Hijja
    رَمَضَان (ramaḍān) شَوَّال (šawwāl) ذُو الْقَعْدَة (ḏū l-qaʕda) ذُو الْحِجَّة (ḏū l-ḥijja)

    Derived terms

    Descendants
    • Maltese: Randan (“Lent”)
    • → Catalan: ramadà
    • → Classical Persian: رَمَضَان (ramazān), رمضون (ramezun, ramzun) (see there for further descendants)
    • → English: Ramadan
    • → French: ramadan
    • → Japanese: ラマダーン (Ramadān)
    • → Maguindanao: Ramedlan, Ramadlan
    • → Malay: Ramadan, Ramadhan
    • → Malayalam: റമദാൻ (ṟamadāṉ), റമലാൻ (ṟamalāṉ)
    • → Maltese: Ramadan (“Ramadan”)
    • → Maranao: Ramadan⁧
    • → Ottoman Turkish: رَمَضَان (ramazân)⁧⁩ (see there for further descendants)
    • → Tamil: ரமலான் (ramalāṉ, “Ramadan”), ரமதான் (ramatāṉ)

    Malay

    Etymology

    From Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

    Pronunciation
    • IPA(key): /ramadan/

    Proper noun

    رمضان (Rumi spelling Ramadan)

    1. The ninth month in the Hijri calendar; fasting month.
      Synonyms: بولن ڤواسا (bulan puasa), راملن (ramalan)

    Coordinate terms

    Derived terms
    • رمضان المبارک

    Ottoman Turkish

    Etymology

    From Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

    Noun

    رمضان • (ramazân)

    1. (Islam) Ramadan

    Descendants

    Persian

    Alternative forms
    • رمضون (ramezun, ramzun) (colloquial)

    Etymology

    From Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

    Pronunciation
     
    • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [rä.mä.zɑ́ːn]
      • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [rä.mä.zɑ́ːn]
      • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [rä.mä.zɔ́ːn]

    Readings
    Classical reading? ramazān
    Dari reading? ramazān
    Iranian reading? ramazân
    Tajik reading? ramazon

    Noun
    Dari رمضان
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik рамазон

    رمضان • (ramazân, ramzân)

    1. (Islam) Ramadan

    Coordinate terms
    • (Islamic calendar months) تقویم هجری قمری; محرم, صفر, ربیع‌الاول, ربیع‌الثانی, جمادی‌الاول, جمادی‌الثانی, رجب, شعبان, رمضان, شوال, ذی‌القعده, ذی‌الحجه (Category: fa:Islamic months)

    Proper noun

    رمضان • (ramzân)

    1. a male given name, Ramazan

    Descendants

    Punjabi

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian رمضان (ramazān), from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān). First attested as Old Punjabi ਰਮਦਾਨਾ (ramadānā).

    Noun

    رَمضان • (ramẓān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਮਜ਼ਾਨ)

    1. (Islam) Ramadan
      Synonym: رمدان (ramdān)

    Sindhi

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian رمضان (ramazān), from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

    Pronunciation
    • IPA(key): /ɾəm.zɑːnʊ/
    • Rhymes: -ʊ

    Noun

    رَمْضانُ • (ramzānu) m (Devanagari रमज़ानु)

    1. (Islam) Ramadan

    References
    • Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “رَمْضانُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society

    Urdu

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian رمضان (ramazān, ramzān), from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

    Pronunciation
    • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɾə.mə.zɑːn/
    • (common) IPA(key): /ɾəm.zɑːn/
    • Audio (PK)(file)
    • Rhymes: -ɑːn
    • (Standard Urdu) Hyphenation: رَم‧ضان
    • (common) Hyphenation: رَ‧مَ‧ضان

    Proper noun

    رَمَضان • (ramazān) m (Hindi spelling रमज़ान)

    1. (Islam) Ramadan
    2. a male given name, Ramzan or Ramazan, from Arabic

    See also
    Hijri calendar months in Urdu · ہِجْری تَقْوِیم (hijrī taqvīm) (layout · text)
    Muharram Safar Rabi I Rabi II
    مُحَرَّم (muharram) صَفَر (safar) رَبِیعُ الْاَوَّل (rabī'-ul-avval) رَبِیعُ الثّانی (rabī'ussānī)
    Jumada I Jumada II Rajab Sha'ban
    جَمادی الْاَوَّل (jamādī-ul-avval) جمادی الثّانی (jamādīussānī) رَجَب (rajab) شَعْبان (śa'bān)
    Ramadan Shawwal Dhu'l-Qa'da Dhu'l-Hijja
    رَمَضان (ramazān) شَوال (śavāl) ذُو الْقَعْدَہ (zūl-qa'da) ذُو الْحِجَّہ (zūl-hijja)

    Descendants
    • → Kannada: ರಮ್ಜಾನ್ (ramjān), ರಂಜಾನ್ (rañjān)
    • → Malayalam: റംസാൻ (ṟaṁsāṉ)
    • → Tamil: ரம்சான் (ramcāṉ), ரம்ஜான் (ramjāṉ)
    • → Telugu: రమ్జాన్ (ramjān), రంజాన్ (rañjān)

    Further reading
    • “رمضان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
    • “رمضان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
    • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “رمضان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
    • Platts, John T. (1884) “رمضان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
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