خوب

See also: چوپ, حوت, چوٹ, چوت, جوب, and چوب

Iraqi Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (xub).

Adjective

خوب (xōb)

(with a following noun) good; someone or something good
well

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭥𐭡 (xūb), from Old Persian [script needed] (*ʰuvāpa), from Proto-Iranian *HhuHā́pah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HsuHápas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”) +‎ *h₃épos (“work”). Compare Sogdian [script needed] (xwp).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xuːβ]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xuːb]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xuːb]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xub̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xuːb̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χub]

Readings
Classical reading^?	xūḇ
Dari reading^?	xūb
Iranian reading^?	xub
Tajik reading^?	xub

Audio (Iran) (file)

Adjective


Iranian Persian	خوب
Dari	خوب
Tajik	хуб

خوب • (xub) (comparative خوب‌تَر (xub-tar), superlative خوب‌تَرین (xub-tarin))

Usage notes

The comparative and superlative forms (xub-tar) and (xub-tarin) are colloquial and informal. The formal and standard Persian equivalents are (behtar) and (behtarin).

Inflection

Predicative forms of خوب (xub)
	singular	plural
1^st person (“I am, we are”)	خوبم (xubam)	خوبیم (xubim)
2^nd person (“you are”)	خوبی (xubi)	خوبید (xubid) خوبین ^△ (xubin)
3^rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”)	خوب است (xub ast) خوبه ^△ (xube)	خوبند (xuband) خوبن ^△ (xuban)
^△ Colloquial.

Synonyms

نیک (nik)
به (bah)

Derived terms

خوبانی (xubâni)

Descendants

Urdu: خوب (xub)

Adverb


Iranian Persian	خوب
Dari	خوب
Tajik	хуб

خوب • (xub)

well
nicely

Antonyms

بد (bad)

Related terms

خوبی (xubi)

Descendants

→ Bengali: খুব (khub, “very”)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੂਬ (xūb)

Shahmukhi script: خوب (xūb)

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “خوب”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Aryanpur-Kashani, Manoochehr (2005) The Aryanpur Progressive Persian–English Dictionary‎, Tehran: Jahan Rayaneh, →ISBN
Rubinčik Ju. A., editor (1985), “خوب”, in Persidsko-russkij slovarʹ [Persian–Russian Dictionary]‎ (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk
Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “خوب”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
“خوب”, in Langenscheidt Universal-Wörterbuch Persisch, München: Langenscheidt, 2002, →ISBN

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (xūb), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭥𐭡 (xūb). Compare Marathi खूप (khūp).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xuːb/
Rhymes: -uːb

Adjective

خُوب • (xūb) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling ख़ूब)

many, much, a lot
Synonyms: کافِی (kāfī), بَہَت (bahat), اَنیک (anek), بیش (beś)
good, well, in a good manner

Derived terms

خُوبصُورَت (xūbsūrat)

References

“خوب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“خوب”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.