جلد

See also: خلد

Arabic

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *gild-. Compare Aramaic 𐡂𐡋𐡃𐡀 (gldʾ), Classical Syriac ܓܠܕܐ (geldā), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic גלדא (geldā), Hebrew גֶּלֶד (géleḏ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒild/
  • (file)

Noun

جِلْد • (jild) m (plural أَجْلَاد (ʔajlād) or جُلُود (julūd))

  1. skin
  2. hide (skin of an animal)
  3. leather

Declension

Descendants

  • Egyptian Arabic: جلد (gild)
  • Gulf Arabic: جلد (jild)
  • Maltese: ġilda, ġild
  • Azerbaijani: cild
  • Kurdish:
    • Central Kurdish: جلد (cild)
    • Northern Kurdish: cild
  • Malay: jilid
  • Ottoman Turkish: جلد (cild, cilt)
    • Turkish: cilt
    • Crimean Tatar: cılt
  • Persian: جلد (jeld)
  • Swahili: jalada

Verb

جَلَدَ • (jalada) I, non-past يَجْلِدُ‎ (yajlidu)

  1. to hit (someone) on the skin, to lash, to whip, to flog
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:2:
      ٱَلزَّانِيَةُ وَٱلزَّانِي فَٱجْلِدُوا كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِئَةَ جَلْدَةٍ
      ʔaz-zāniyatu wa-z-zānī fa-jlidū kulla wāḥidin minhumā miʔata jaldatin
      The [unmarried] woman or [unmarried] man found guilty of sexual intercourse - lash each one of them with a hundred lashes [...]

Conjugation

Hyponyms

Noun

جَلْد • (jald) m

  1. verbal noun of جَلَدَ (jalada) (form I): whipping, flogging

Conjugation

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic جِلْد (jild).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɡeld]

Noun

جلد • (gild) m (plural جلود (gilūd))

  1. (anatomy) skin

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ج ل د
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic جَلَدَ (jalada).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒa.lad/

Verb

جَلَد • (jalad) I (non-past يِجْلِد (yijlid))

  1. to hit (someone) on the skin, to lash, to whip, to flog
Conjugation
    Conjugation of جلد (jalad)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m جلدت (jaladt) جلدت (jaladt) جلد (jalad) جلدنا (jaladna) جلدتوا (jaladtu) جلدوا (jaladu)
f جلدتي (jaladti) جلدت (jaladat)
non-past m أجلد (ʔajlid) تجلد (tijlid) يجلد (yijlid) نجلد (nijlid) تجلدوا (tijlidu) يجلدوا (yijlidu)
f تجلدي (tijlidi) تجلد (tijlid)
imperative m اجلد (ajlid) اجلدوا (ajlidu)
f اجلدي (ajlidi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic جِلْد (jild).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒild/, [d͡ʒɪld], [ʒɪld]

Noun

جلد • (jild) m

  1. skin
    Synonym: بَشَرَة (bašara, complexion)
  2. hide (skin of an animal)
  3. leather

Etymology 3

From Arabic جَلَّدَ (jallada).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒal.lad/

Verb

جَلَّد • (jallad) II (non-past يِجَلِّد (yijallid))

  1. to bind (books)
Conjugation
    Conjugation of جلد (jallad)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m جلدت (jalladt) جلدت (jalladt) جلد (jallad) جلدنا (jalladna) جلدتوا (jalladtu) جلدوا (jalladu)
f جلدتي (jalladti) جلدت (jalladat)
non-past m أجلد (ʔajallid) تجلد (tijallid) يجلد (yijallid) نجلد (nijallid) تجلدوا (tijallidu) يجلدوا (yijallidu)
f تجلدي (tijallidi) تجلد (tijallid)
imperative m جلد (jallid) جلدوا (jallidu)
f جلدي (jallidi)

Persian

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (compare Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos)). Akin to Persian یل (yal, hero, warrior).

Adjective

جلد • (jald)

  1. nimble, agile, fast
    جلدی بیا!jaldi biyâ!come fast!
Descendants

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic جِلْد (jild, skin, hide).

Noun

Dari جلد
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷилд

جلد • (jeld) (plural جلدها (jeld-hâ))

  1. binding (of a book)
  2. volume (of a book)
  3. (archaic) hide (skin of an animal)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic جِلْد (jild).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʒild/, [ʒɪld]
  • (file)

Noun

جلد • (jild) m (plural جلود (jlūd))

  1. skin
  2. leather

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian جلد (jald).

Adjective

جلد • (jald) (Hindi spelling जल्द)

  1. soon
  2. quick, swift, expeditious, brisk, hasty
    Synonym: تیز (tez)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian جلد (jild), from Arabic جِلْد (jild).

Noun

جلد • (jild) f (Hindi spelling जिल्द)

  1. skin, hide, leather, dermis
  2. binding (of a book), cover
  3. volume or copy (of a book or magazine)
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