إجاص

• إِنْجَاص (ʔinjāṣ) — from Antiquity on, proscribed

Not attested in Aramaic, but Hebrew אַגָּס (ʾaggā́s, “pear”) and Akkadian 𒄑𒀭𒂵𒋗 (angašu, “pear or plum tree”); as a bridge, an unattested local form of Aramaic may have lent the Arabic emphatisized variant. Compare تُفَّاح (tuffāḥ, “apple”), a lexical entry also missing in documented Aramaic but not in Hebrew.

• IPA^(key): /ʔid͡ʒ.d͡ʒaːsˤ/

إِجَّاص • (ʔijjāṣ) m (collective, singulative إِجَّاصَة f (ʔijjāṣa), paucal إجَّاصَات (ʔijjāṣāt))

1. pears (the fruits as well as the tree, the whole genus Pyrus)

   Synonyms: كُمَّثْرَى (kummaṯrā), (Iraq, Kuwait, West Yemen, also Syria (a Turkism)) عَرْمُوط (ʕarmūṭ)

   • 2016 November 7, “فرنسا احتجاج نسوي في باريس ضد التمييز في الأجور بين النساء والرجال”, in Euronews‎:

     “إنه أمر مثير للإحباط. يُقال إن “الإجاصات الجيدة هي التي تشتغل محل البرقوق.

     It is frustrating. One says that “the naïve pears run the plum shop.”

2. (al-Andalus (in educated speech – the other meaning is anyway used), today Iraq) plum (Prunus domestica)

   Synonyms: (means apricots in Al-Andalus) بَرْقُوق (barqūq), (Syria, Jordania, Oman) خَوْخ (ḵawḵ), (Al-Andalus) عَبْقَر (ʕabqar), (Tunisia, Libya, Al-Andalus) عَيْن الْبَقَر (ʕayn al-baqar), (Kuwait) كوجة (kōja)

   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 9, Art. 1, page 508:

     الإجاص قال غ وهو عبقر إذا أشرف وقدم فلا يتعرض عليه بالحديد فإن دعت ضرورة لقطع أعلاه فينظر شجرته فإن ظهر فيها السوس فتحامى بالقطع ولا تقرب بالحديد بوجه وتنقى ما دام أملس الساق والأغصان محدثا.

     About the prune, that is the plum, says Ibn Ḥajjāj that when it is high and old it should not meet the iron, but if necessity calls then the top can be cut and the tree cleaned, and if rot appears on it then it can be warded off by cutting, and the iron should not approach it as long as the stem is smooth and the branches new.

• Behnstedt, Peter, Woidich, Manfred (2010) Wortatlas der arabischen Dialekte – Band I: Mensch, Natur, Fauna und Flora (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 100) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 499–502
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 139
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 235–240
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 208
• Thompson, Reginald Campbell (1941) Cyril John Gadd, editor, A Dictionary of Assyrian Botany‎, London: The British Academy, published 1949, pages 93, 307

• نجاص (ngāṣ), لنجاص (langāṣ)

From Arabic إجّاص (ʔijjāṣ).

• IPA^(key): /ʔiʒ.ʒaːsˤ/

إجاص • (ʔijjāṣ) m (collective, singulative إجاصة f (ʔijjāṣa), paucal إجاصات (ʔijjāṣāt))

1. pears

   Synonym: بوعويد (būʕwīd)