עבד
Aramaic
Etymology
Belonging to the root ע־ב־ד (`-b-d) pertaining to work. A Central Semitic innovation, cognate with Arabic عَبْد (ʕabd), Phoenician 𐤏𐤁𐤃 (ʿbd), Ugaritic 𐎓𐎁𐎄 (ʿbd), Hebrew עֶבֶד ('éved), Minaean 𐩲𐩨𐩵 (ʿbd).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʕbæd/
Hebrew
Root |
---|
ע־ב־ד (ʿ-b-d) |
Etymology 1
Belonging to the root ע־ב־ד (ʿ-b-d) pertaining to work. A Central Semitic innovation, cognate with Arabic عَبْد (ʕabd), Phoenician 𐤏𐤁𐤃 (ʿbd), Ugaritic 𐎓𐎁𐎄 (ʿbd), Classical Syriac ܥܒܕܐ (ʿaḇdā), Minaean 𐩲𐩨𐩵 (ʿbd).
Pronunciation
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈeved/
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈʕɛ.vɛð/, [ˈʕɛː.vɛð]
- (Biblical Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʕabd/
Noun
עֶבֶד • ('éved) m (plural indefinite עֲבָדִים, singular construct עֶבֶד־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]
- A slave, a serf.
- (archaic) A servant, a worshipper (of God).
Declension
Declension of עֶבֶד
Number | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Form | Person | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||||
singular | indefinite | עֶבֶד | first | עַבְדִּי | עַבְדֵּנוּ | ||
definite | הָעֶבֶד | second | עַבְדְּךָ | עַבְדֵּךְ | עַבְדְּכֶם | עַבְדְּכֶן | |
construct | עֶבֶד־ | third | עַבְדּוֹ | עַבְדָּהּ | עַבְדָּם | עַבְדָּן | |
plural | indefinite | עֲבָדִים | first | עבדיי / עֲבָדַי | עֲבָדֵינוּ | ||
definite | הָעֲבָדִים | second | עֲבָדֶיךָ | עבדייך / עֲבָדַיִךְ | עַבְדֵיכֶם | עַבְדֵיכֶן | |
construct | עַבְדֵי־ | third | עֲבָדָיו | עֲבָדֶיהָ | עַבְדֵיהֶם | עַבְדֵיהֶן |
See also
- אָמָה (amá) (female counterpart)
- שִׁפְחָה (shifḥá) (female counterpart)
Further reading
Pronunciation
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʔaˈvad/
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): [ʕɔːˈväː.äð]
- Homophone: אבד
Verb
עָבַד • (avád) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction)
Conjugation
Conjugation of עָבַד (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms |
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
finite forms | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
past | first | עָבַדְתִּי | עָבַדְנוּ | ||
second | עָבַדְתָּ | עָבַדְתְּ | עֲבַדְתֶּם1 | עֲבַדְתֶּן1 | |
third | עָבַד | עָבְדָה | עָבְדוּ | ||
present | עוֹבֵד | עוֹבֶדֶת | עוֹבְדִים | עוֹבְדוֹת | |
future | first | אעבוד / אֶעֱבֹד | נעבוד / נַעֲבֹד | ||
second | תעבוד / תַּעֲבֹד | תַּעַבְדִי | תַּעַבְדוּ | תעבודנה / תַּעֲבֹדְנָה2 | |
third | יעבוד / יַעֲבֹד | תעבוד / תַּעֲבֹד | יַעַבְדוּ | תעבודנה / תַּעֲבֹדְנָה2 | |
imperative | עבוד / עֲבֹד | עִבְדִי | עִבְדוּ | עבודנה / עֲבֹדְנָה2 | |
notes |
|
References
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