τις

See also: τίς and -τις

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷis. Cognates include Latin quis and Hittite 𒆪𒅖 (kuiš). Compare its interrogative form τίς (tís, “who?”).

Pronunciation
 

Pronoun

τῐς • (tis) (with ἔγκλισις, moving back its accent)

  1. (indefinite, masculine/feminine) someone, anyone, a certain one
  2. (indefinite, in neuter) something, anything, a certain thing

Inflection
Third declension of τις, τι
Number Singular Dual Plural
Case / Gender Masculine / Feminine Neuter Masculine / Feminine Neuter Masculine / Feminine Neuter
Nominative τις τι τινέ τινέ τινές τινά
Genitive τινός, του τινός, του τινοῖν τινοῖν τινῶν τινῶν
Dative τινί, τῳ τινί, τῳ τινοῖν τινοῖν τισί(ν) τισί(ν)
Accusative τινά τι τινέ τινέ τινάς τινά

See also
Ancient Greek correlatives (edit)
typeinterrogativeindefinite(medial)
demonstrative		proximal
demonstrative		distal
demonstrative		relativeindefinite
relative		identityother
basic τίςτις, ἔνιοι†ὁ, οὗτοςὅδεἐκεῖνοςὅςὅστιςὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμόςἕτερος, ἄλλος
dual πότεροςπότερος, ποτερόςὁπότερος
quality ποῖοςποιός†τοῖος, τοιοῦτοςτοιόσδεοἷοςὁποῖοςὅμοιοςἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος
quantity πόσοςποσός†τόσος, τοσοῦτοςτοσόσδεὅσοςὁπόσος
manner πῶςπως†τώς, †ὥς, οὕτωςὧδεὡςὅπωςὁμῶςἑτέρως, ἄλλως
method,
path,
place		 πῇπῃτῇ, ταύτῃτῇδεἐκείνῃᾗὅπῃἄλλῃ
place ποῦ, †πόθιπου, †ποθιἐνταῦθαἐνθάδεἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθιοὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθιὅπου, †ὁπόθιαὐτόθι, ὁμοῦἄλλοθι
source πόθενποθεν†τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθενἐνθένδεἐκεῖθενὅθενὁπόθεν†ὁμόθενἄλλοθεν
destination ποῖ, †πόσεποιἔνθα, ἐνταῦθαἐνθάδε, δεῦροἐκεῖσεοἷὅποι, †ὁπόσεαὐτόσε, ὁμόσεἄλλοσε
time πότε, πῆμοςποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτετότε, τῆμοςτημόσδεὅτε, ἦμοςὁπότε, †ὁππῆμοςἅμαἄλλοτε
exact time πηνίκα†τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτατηνικάδεἡνίκαὁπηνίκααὐτίκα
duration of time τέωςἕως
size, age πηλίκοςπηλίκος†τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτοςτηλικόσδεἡλίκοςὁπηλίκοςὁμῆλιξ
repetition ποσάκις, ποσίνδαποσάκιςτουτάκις, τοσάκις†ὁσάκις ὁποσάκιςὁποσάκις
multiplication ποσαπλάσιοςὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων
order πόστοςποστόςὁπόστος
† Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose
Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions.

Further reading

Greek

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtis/
  • Homophone: της (tis)

Etymology 1

From Byzantine Greek τὲς (tès) of the 11th century, through morphological levelling of the accusative and nominative plurals.

Article

τις • (tis) f pl

  1. (definite) accusative feminine plural of ο (o) (the)
Declension
The definite article
number singular plural
gender m f n m f n
nominative ο η το οι οι τα
genitive του της του των των των
accusative το(ν)* τη(ν)* το τους τις τα
* The final "ν" is preserved before vowels, and the plosive/affricate consonants:
      κ, π, τ, ξ, ψ, μπ, ντ, γκ, τσ, τζ

1. Archaic forms used in certain fixed phrases:
      τοις (tois), τας (tas)

Pronoun

τις • (tis) (weak personal pronoun)

  1. them (3rd person feminine plural, accusative; used before the verb)
Alternative forms
  • τες (tes) (used after the verb)
Third person forms
Number (style) singular (familiar) plural (formal)
strong weak strong weak
m f n m f n m f n m f n
nominative αυτός • αυτή • αυτό • τος • τη • το • αυτοί • αυτές • αυτά • τοι • τες • τα •
genitive αυτού • αυτής • αυτού • του • † της • † του • † αυτών • αυτών • αυτών • τους • † τους • † τους • †
accusative αυτόν • αυτήν • αυτό • τον • την • το • αυτούς • αυτές • αυτά • τους • τις •, τες •‡ τα •
  There is no 3rd person vocative case.
† These terms double as possessive pronouns.
‡ "τις" is used before a verb, "τες" after a verb..
  All personal pronoun forms are displayed at εγώ (egó, “I”).

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek τίς (tís), interrogative pronoun (masculine, feminine) and τί (tí) (neuter).

Pronoun

τις • (tis) m (feminine τις, neuter τι)  interrogative

  1. (archaic, formal, mostly in set phrases) who? (what? / which person or people?)
    Synonyms: ποιος; m (poios;), ποια; f (poia;), ποιο; n (poio;)
    τις πταίει; ― tis ptaíei? ― who is at fault?
    τις ει; (military, recognition) ― tis ei? ― who are you?
    τίνι τρόπω; ― tíni trópo? ― in what way?
    Τίνος είσαι συ; (stereotypical phrase associated with elderly Greeks in small villages and communities to those they don't recognise)
    Tínos eísai sy?
    Whose [child] are you?
Usage notes
  • Of the ancient interrogative pronoun τίς (tís) the forms τίνος (tínos), plural τίνων (tínon) and the neuter τι (ti) are used in Standard Modern Greek as well. All other forms are archaic, used in quotations and set phrases.
Declension

As in the ancient inflection of τίς, here in monotonic spelling

declension of   'τις'
number 
case   \   gender 		 singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative τις • τις • τι • τίνες • τίνες • τίνα •
genitive τίνος • τίνος • τίνος • τίνων • τίνων • τίνων •
accusative τίνα • τίνα • τι • τίνας • τίνας • τίνα •
vocative — — — — — —
All forms except genitives τίνος, τίνων and τι, are only used in set phrases in Modern Greek. Especially the datives τίνι (masculine, feminine, neuter singular), τίσι (masculine, feminine, neuter plural).
Alternative forms
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