πεθαίνω
Greek
Alternative forms
- αποθαίνω (apothaíno)
- απεθαίνω (apethaíno)
Etymology
Backformation from Ancient Greek ἀπέθανε (apéthane) the third person singular aorist of ἀποθνῄσκω (apothnḗiskō, “die”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [peˈθeno]
- Hyphenation: πε‧θαί‧νω
Verb
πεθαίνω • (pethaíno) (past πέθανα, passive —)
- (most senses) to die
- Άκουσες ότι πέθανε ο κύριος Βαγγέλης; ― Ákouses óti péthane o kýrios Vangélis? ― Did you hear that Mr Vangelis died?
- Πέθανα στα γέλια όταν τον είδα. ― Péthana sta gélia ótan ton eída. ― I died laughing when I saw him.
- (transitive) to kill (either directly or indirectly)
- Αυτά τα φάρμακα τον πέθαναν στο τέλος. ― Aftá ta fármaka ton péthanan sto télos. ― These medicines killed him in the end.
- Τον πέθανε ο καημός της κόρης του. ― Ton péthane o kaïmós tis kóris tou. ― His daughter's sorrow killed him.
- (transitive, figuratively) to kill, torture (cause suffering to)
- Θα με πεθάνεις με τη ζήλια σου! ― Tha me petháneis me ti zília sou! ― Your jealousy will be the death of me!
- (transitive, figuratively) to pain, hurt, kill (cause pain to)
- Το δόντι μου με πεθαίνει. ― To dónti mou me pethaínei. ― My tooth is killing me.
Conjugation
πεθαίνω (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
| Active voice ➤ | ||||
| Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
| Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | πεθαίνω | πεθάνω | ||
| 2 sg | πεθαίνεις | πεθάνεις | ||
| 3 sg | πεθαίνει | πεθάνει | ||
| 1 pl | πεθαίνουμε, [‑ομε] | πεθάνουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
| 2 pl | πεθαίνετε | πεθάνετε | ||
| 3 pl | πεθαίνουν(ε) | πεθάνουν(ε) | ||
| Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | πέθαινα | πέθανα | ||
| 2 sg | πέθαινες | πέθανες | ||
| 3 sg | πέθαινε | πέθανε | ||
| 1 pl | πεθαίναμε | πεθάναμε | ||
| 2 pl | πεθαίνατε | πεθάνατε | ||
| 3 pl | πέθαιναν, πεθαίναν(ε) | πέθαναν, πεθάναν(ε) | ||
| Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | θα πεθαίνω ➤ | θα πεθάνω ➤ | ||
| 2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα πεθαίνεις, … | θα πεθάνεις, … | ||
| Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
| Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … πεθάνει | είμαι, είσαι, … πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice) | ||
| Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … πεθάνει | ήμουν, ήσουν, … πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
| Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … πεθάνει | θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
| Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
| Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
| 2 sg | πέθαινε | πέθανε | ||
| 2 pl | πεθαίνετε | πεθάνετε | ||
| Other forms | ||||
| Active present participle ➤ | πεθαίνοντας ➤ | |||
| Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας πεθάνει ➤ | |||
| Passive perfect participle ➤ | πεθαμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | |||
| Nonfinite form ➤ | πεθάνει | |||
| Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Synonyms
- (die): αποθνήσκω (apothnísko) (learned)
- ξεψυχώ (xepsychó) (euphemistic)
- ψοφάω (psofáo) (an animal)
- ξεραίνομαι (xeraínomai) (a plant)
Antonyms
- ζω (zo, “live”)
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