αὐτοκράτωρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From αὐτο- (auto-) +‎ κράτωρ (krátōr, “ruler”) (from κρατέω (kratéō, “I rule, command”) and -τωρ (-tōr, “masculine agent suffix.”), from κράτος (krátos, “power, strength”))

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /au̯.to.krá.tɔːr/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aʍ.toˈkra.tor/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aɸ.toˈkra.tor/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /af.toˈkra.tor/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /af.toˈkra.tor/

Noun

αὐτοκράτωρ • (autokrátōr) m (genitive αὐτοκράτορος); third declension, αὐτοκράτειρα f (autokráteira)

absolute ruler; autocrat
- 4 Maccabees 8:28:
  ἦσαν γὰρ περίφρονες τῶν παθῶν καὶ αὐτοκράτορες τῶν ἀλγηδόνων
  êsan gàr períphrones tôn pathôn kaì autokrátores tôn algēdónōn
  for they were contemptuous of the emotions and sovereign over agonies
a title applied to such ruler; equivalent of Latin title imperator
1. the Emperor of the Roman Empire

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ αὐτοκράτωρ; τοῦ αὐτοκράτορος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ αὐτοκράτωρ ho autokrátōr	τὼ αὐτοκράτορε tṑ autokrátore	οἱ αὐτοκράτορες hoi autokrátores
Genitive	τοῦ αὐτοκράτορος toû autokrátoros	τοῖν αὐτοκρατόροιν toîn autokratóroin	τῶν αὐτοκρατόρων tôn autokratórōn
Dative	τῷ αὐτοκράτορῐ tôi autokrátori	τοῖν αὐτοκρατόροιν toîn autokratóroin	τοῖς αὐτοκράτορσῐ / αὐτοκράτορσῐν toîs autokrátorsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν αὐτοκράτορᾰ tòn autokrátora	τὼ αὐτοκράτορε tṑ autokrátore	τοὺς αὐτοκράτορᾰς toùs autokrátoras
Vocative	αὐτοκράτορ autokrátor	αὐτοκράτορε autokrátore	αὐτοκράτορες autokrátores
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: αυτοκράτορας (aftokrátoras)
Latin: autocratōr
- English: autocrator

References

“αὐτοκράτωρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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