Queen Janggyeong
장경왕후
章敬王后
Queen consort of Joseon
Tenure1507 – 16 March 1515
PredecessorQueen Dangyeong
SuccessorQueen Munjeong
BornYun Myeong-hye (윤명혜)
10 August 1491
Hyohyeon-bang, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Died16 March 1515 (1515-03-17) (aged 23)
Byeol Hall, Dong Palace, Gyeongbok Palace, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Burial
Huireung
SpouseYi Yeok, King Jungjong (m. 1506—1515)
Issue
Posthumous name
숙신명혜선소의숙장경왕후
HousePapyeong Yun
FatherYun Yeo-Pil
MotherInternal Princess Consort Suncheon of the Suncheon Park clan

Queen Janggyeong (10 August 1491 – 16 March 1515[1]), of the Papyeong Yun clan, was the wife and second queen consort of Yi Yeok, King Jungjong, the 11th Joseon monarch. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1507 until her death in 1515.

Life

Yun Myeong-hye (윤명혜) was born on 10 August 1491 during the twenty-second year reign of King Seongjong. Her father, Yun Yeo-pil, was member of the Papyeong Yun clan and her mother was member of the Suncheon Park clan (순천 박씨, 順天 朴氏). She was the fifth child within her six siblings and the fourth daughter within her five sisters, and her only older brother, Yun Im.

Through her father, she is a third cousin of Queen Munjeong and Yun Won-hyeong, as well as a great-grandniece of Queen Jeonghui. Her father's sister married a first cousin once removed of Queen Jeongsun; thus making her aunt be a daughter-in-law to Im Sa-hong. As well as a sister-in-law to Yi Hang, Prince Ahnyang (안양군 이항; 1480 - 1505); who was the son of King Seongjong and Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Chogye Jeong clan, and a grandaunt to Queen Inheon and a great-grandaunt to King Injo.

Because her mother died in 1498 after she gave birth to her younger sister, her maternal aunt, Grand Princess Consort Seungpyeong of the Suncheon Park clan, had raised her in her mother's stead. Although Yun Yeo-pil did not remarry, Lady Yun did have a younger half-sister. But her family or father's ancestry does not mention any record of a concubine or second mother besides her younger half-sister's name and birth year.

Lady Yun's eldest sister, Princess Papyeong, married Prince Deokpung (her half-cousin), who was the son of Grand Prince Wolsan (a son of Queen Insu) and the step-son of her maternal aunt.

In 1506 (during King Jungjong’s first year of reign), Lady Yun had entered the palace as a concubine for the King within the inner court list, granted the title suk-ui (숙의, 淑儀), junior 2nd rank concubine of the King. After Queen Dangyeong was deposed, Yun Suk-ui had been chosen from the other concubines, and became the Queen Consort of Joseon.

On 13 June 1511, the Queen gave birth to Princess Hyohye, the eldest daughter of King Jungjong, and on 10 March 1515, she later gave birth to a son, Yi Ho, the future King Injong.

Death

The Queen died six days later in Gyeongbok Palace within the quarters of Gong Palace’s Byeol Hall at the age of 24 due to postpartum sickness. She was buried in Huireung within the city of Goyang, Gyeonggi Province and posthumously honoured with the title Queen Janggyeong.

Aftermath

After her death, the 29-year-old King Jungjong later married the 17-year-old daughter of Yun Ji-im of the Papyeong Yun clan, posthumously honoured as Queen Munjeong, in 1517. She gave birth to Princess Uihye in 1521, Princess Hyosun in 1522, an unnamed child in 1528, Princess Gyeonghyeon in 1530, the future King Myeongjong of Joseon in 1535, and Princess Insun in 1542.

As the Crown Prince was the Queen's political protector for a long time, he later turned into a political enemy that she should get rid of for the future of her own son. The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty tells the story of the Queen who threatened the Crown Prince to not to kill her brothers and her own son. Her hostility was not only because her ambition, but also from Yun Im's and late Kim An-ro's manipulation to get rid of the Queen.

Many in the Sarim faction believed that Injong was poisoned by Seongryeol as the late Queen’s son, King Injong’s reign, had lasted only 9 months.but there is no evidence that this was the case. According to unofficial chronicles, there is a tale of Seongryeol finally showing love for her "adoptive" son Injong, after decades of polite indifference (in reality behind-the-scenes hatred).

With politically indifferences and trying to receive the motherly love from his stepmother, it was speculated that Queen Munjeong had slowly poisoned her stepson, King Injong, by feeding him a tteok (rice cake). Which resulted him dying on 7 August 1545 thus giving the throne to her biological son, King Myeongjong of Joseon (King Injong's younger half-brother).

The chronicles also tell that Queen Dowager Seongryeol was frequently visited by spirits at night after Injong's death. As she was disturbed, she moved her residence from Gyeongbok Palace to Changdeok Palace.

Queen Munjeong eventually became Queen Regent throughout the reign of her son until she died twenty years later on 5 August 1565.

Family

Parent

  • Father − Yun Yeo-Pil (1466 – 1555) (윤여필, 尹汝弼)
  • Aunt - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨) (1461 - ?)
    • Uncle - Seong Se-won (성세원, 成世源) of the Changnyeong Seong clan
  • Uncle - Yun Yeo-woo (윤여우, 尹汝佑)
  • Uncle - Yun Yeo-hae (윤여해, 尹汝諧)
  • Aunt - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨) (1482 - ?)
  • Aunt - Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨)
    • Uncle - Gu Sung-gyeong (구숭경, 具崇璟)[2]
    • 1) Grandfather − Yun Bo (? – 1494) (윤보, 尹甫)[3]
      • 2) Great-Grandfather − Yun Sa-yun (윤사윤, 尹士昀) (1409 - 7 December 1461); Queen Jeonghui’s second older brother
        • 3) Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Beon (윤번, 尹璠) (1384 - 1448); Queen Jeonghui’s father
          • 4) Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Seung-rye (윤승례, 尹承禮) (? - 13 October 1397)
            • 5) Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Cheok (윤척, 尹陟)
            • 5) Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Lee of the Jeonui Lee clan (전의 이씨)
          • 4) Great-Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Gwon of the Andong Gwon clan (안동 권씨)
        • 3) Great-Great-Grandmother − Grand Internal Princess Consort Heungnyeong of the Incheon Lee clan (흥녕부대부인 인천 이씨)
      • 2) Great-Grandmother − Princess Consort Busan of the Suwon Choi clan (부산현부인 수원 최씨, 釜山縣夫人 水原崔氏)
    • 1) Grandmother − Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (정부인 전주 이씨, 貞夫人 全州 李氏)[4]
  • Mother − Internal Princess Consort Suncheon of the Suncheon Park clan (순천부부인 순천 박씨, 順天府夫人 順天 朴氏) (1466 - 1498)[5]
    • 1) Grandfather − Park Jong-seon (1435 – 1481) (박중선)[6]
    • 1) Grandmother − Lady Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (양천 허씨)
  • Aunt − Grand Internal Princess Consort Seungpyeong of the Suncheon Park clan (승평부대부인 박씨, 昇平府大夫人 朴氏) (1455 - 20 July 1506). Husband: Grand Prince Wolsan (월산대군) (5 January 1454 - 22 January 1488); Queen Insu’s son
    • Half-cousin − Yi Yi, Prince Deokpung (덕풍군 이이, 德豊君 李恞) (20 August 1485 - 26 March 1506)[7]
  • Aunt − Lady Park of the Suncheon Park clan (순천 박씨, 順天 朴氏) (1458 - ?). Husband: Shin Mu-jeong (신무정, 辛武鼎)
  • Aunt − Lady Park of the Suncheon Park clan (순천 박씨, 順天 朴氏) (1461 - ?). Husband: Yi Tak (이탁, 李鐸)
  • Aunt − Lady Park of the Suncheon Park clan (정부인 순천 박씨, 貞夫人 順天 朴氏) (1464 - ?). Husband: Han Ik (한익, 韓翊) (1460 - 1488)[8]
    • Cousin − Han Se-chang (한세창, 韓世昌)
    • Cousin − Han Suk-chang (한숙창, 韓叔昌) (1479 - 1537)[9][10]
  • Uncle − Park Won-jong (박원종, 朴元宗) (1467 - 1510). Wife: Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨)
    • Adoptive cousin − Royal Noble Consort Gyeong of the Miryang Park clan (경빈 박씨, 敬嬪 朴氏) (1492 - 1533)[11]
    • Half-cousin − Park On (박운, 朴雲)
  • Aunt − Lady Park of the Suncheon Park clan (순천 박씨, 順天 朴氏) (1468 - ?). Husband: Kim Jun (김준, 金俊)
  • Aunt − Princess Consort Seungpyeong of the Suncheon Park clan (승평부부인 순천 박씨, 昇平府夫人 順天朴氏) (1470 - 1485); Grand Prince Jean's second wife. Husband: Grand Prince Jean (제안대군, 齊安大君) (13 February 1466 - 14 December 1525); Queen Ansun’s son
    • Adoptive cousin − Yi Pa, Prince Nakpung (이파 낙풍군) (13 January 1515 - 15 September 1571)

Sibling

  • Older sister − Princess Papyeong of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평현부인 윤씨, 坡平縣夫人 尹氏) (1485 - 16 January 1536)
    • Brother-in-law - Yi Yi, Prince Deokpung (덕풍군 이이, 德豊君 李恞) (1485 - 1506)[12]
      • Nephew − Yi Ju, Prince Parim (파림군 이주, 坡林君 李珘) (1500 - 1541)
      • Nephew − Yi Yu, Prince Gyerim (계림군 이유, 桂林君 李瑠) (1502 - 1545)[13]
        • Niece-in-law - Princess Consort Yeongchang of the Juksan Ahn clan (연창군부인 죽산 안씨, 延昌郡夫人 竹山 安氏)
        • Niece-in-law - Princess Consort Ohcheon of the Yeonil Jeong clan (오천군부인 연일 정씨, 烏川郡夫人 延日 鄭氏)[14]
          • Grandnephew - Yi Si (연양정 이시, 延陽正 李諟)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady No of the Gyoha No clan (교하 노씨, 交河 盧氏)
          • Grandnephew - Yi Hyeong (이형, 李詗)
          • Grandnephew - Yi Hu (이후, 李詡)
          • Grandnephew - Yi Hoe, Prince Jeongyang (정양군 이회, 李誨)
          • Grandnephew - Yi Ryang, Prince Eunyang (은양군 이량, 李諒)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨, 全州 李氏)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨, 全州 李氏)
      • Nephew − Yi Ri (전성부정 이리, 全城副正 李璃) (5 December 1506 - 7 July 1545)
  • Older sister − Princess Consort Papyeong of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평군부인 윤씨, 坡平郡夫人 尹氏)
    • Brother-in-law - Yi Jeong, Prince Palgye (팔계군 이정, 八溪君 李淨)
  • Older brother − Yun Im (윤임, 尹任) (26 July 1487 - 30 August 1545)
    • Sister-in-law - Lady Yi of the Yeoheung Yi clan (정부인 증 정경부인 여흥 이씨) (? - 1528); daughter of Yi Bo (이보, 李俌)
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-in (윤흥인, 尹興仁) (1516 - September 1545)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady Ahn of the Sunheung Ahn clan (순흥 안씨)
          • Grandnephew - Yun Gyeong (윤경)
          • Grandnephew - Yun Ho (윤호, 尹琥)
            • Grandniece-in-law - Hong Ok-hwan (홍옥환, 洪玉環), Lady Hong (1531 - ?)[15]
          • Grandnephew - Yun Bal (윤발, 尹 玉+發)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yun (윤씨)
            • Grandnephew-in-law - Sim Gwang-bo (심광보)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yun (윤씨)
            • Grandnephew—in-law - Im Eung-woo (임응우)
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-ui (윤흥의, 尹興義) (1519 - ?)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨); daughter of Han Gyeong-jong (부사 한경종, 韓景琮)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yun (윤씨)
            • Grandnephew-in-law - Lee Gyeon-yong (이견용)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yun (윤씨)
            • Grandnephew-in-law - Gu Sa-min (구사민, 具思閔) (1542 - ?)[16]
      • Niece - Yun Geo-mul (윤거물, 尹巨勿), Lady Yun (윤씨) (1521 - ?)
        • Nephew-in-law - Yi Deok-eung (이덕응, 李德應) of the Seongju Yi clan
      • Niece - Yun Jeong-suk (윤정숙, 尹貞淑), Lady Yun (윤씨) (1526 - ?)
        • Nephew-in-law - Yi Hong-yun (이홍윤, 李洪胤) of the Gwangju Yi clan
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-rye (윤흥례, 尹興禮)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady Yang of the Namwon Yang clan (남원 양씨); daughter of Yang Yun-on (현감 양윤온, 縣監 梁允溫)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yun (윤씨)
            • Grandnephew-in-law - Lee Deok-eung (이덕응)
          • Grandniece - Lady Yun (윤씨)
            • Grandnephew-in-law - Lee Hong-yun (이홍윤)
          • Adoptive grandnephew - Yun Bal (윤발, 尹 玉+發); son of Yun Heung-in
    • Sister-in-law - Lady Gwak of the Hyeonpung Gwak clan (정부인 증 정경부인 현풍 곽씨) (1517 - 1589); daughter of Gwak Han (곽한, 郭翰)
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-ji (윤흥지, 尹興智) (1536 - ?)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady Park (박씨)
          • Grandnephew - Yun Chim (윤침)
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-shin (윤흥신, 尹興信) (1540 - 1592)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady Shin (신씨)
          • Grandnephew - Yun Seong (윤성, 尹珹)
          • Grandnephew - Yun Seo (윤서)
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-chung (윤흥충, 尹興忠) (1545 - ?)
        • Niece-in-law - Lady Lee (이씨)
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-hyo (윤흥효, 尹興孝) (1538 - ?)[17]
      • Nephew - Yun Heung-je (윤흥제, 尹興悌) (1540 - 1592)[18]
      • Niece - Yun Su-hwan (윤수환, 尹守環), Lady Yun (1543 - ?)[19]
  • Older sister − Yun Cheon-deok (윤천덕, 尹千德), Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (1488 - ?)
    • Brother-in-law - Kim Hun (김혼, 金渾) of the Gangneung Kim clan
  • Younger sister − Lady Yun (윤씨, 尹氏) (1498 - ?)
    • Brother-in-law - Yi Eok-son (이억손, 李億孫) of the Jeonju Yi clan; Yi Yeong, Prince Cheongan's son (청안군 이영, 淸安君 李嶸)[20][21]
  • Younger half-sister − Yun Ok-chun (윤옥춘, 尹玉春) (1518 - ?)
    • Brother-in-law - Bang Woong (방웅, 方雄)

Consort

Issue

  • Daughter − Yi Ok-ha, Princess Hyohye (13 June 1511 – 6 May 1531) (효혜공주). Husband: Kim Hui (? – 1531) (김희); son of Kim Ahn-ro (김안로, 金安老)
    • Granddaughter − Kim Seon-ok (김선옥, 金善玉) of the Yeonan Kim clan (연안 김씨, 延安 金氏) (1531 - ?). Husband: Yun Baek-won (윤백원, 尹百源) (1528 - 1589); Queen Munjeong’s nephew
  • Son − Yi Ho, King Injong (10 March 1515 – 7 August 1545) (조선 인종). Wife: Queen Inseong of the Bannam Park clan (7 October 1514 – 6 January 1578) (인성왕후 박씨)

See also

References

  • 장경왕후 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.

Notes

  1. ↑ In lunar calendar, the Queen was born on 6 July 1491 and died on 2 March 1515
  2. ↑ A first cousin once removed of Queen Jeongsun and his younger brother became the grandfather of Queen Inheon. Gu Sa-min (구사민, 具思閔), his younger brother’s grandson, also became his great-great grandnephew-in-law through marriage.
  3. ↑ One of his daughters married Queen Jeongsun’s first cousin, Gu Sung-gyeong (구숭경, 具崇璟)
  4. ↑ She is a great-granddaughter of Queen Wongyeong and King Taejong through her grandfather, Grand Prince Hyoryeong
  5. ↑ She is the maternal grandniece of Queen Soheon and maternal great-granddaughter of Sim On through her paternal grandmother.
  6. ↑ He is the nephew of Queen Soheon through her 5th younger sister
  7. ↑ Eventually married Queen Janggyeong’s older sister
  8. ↑ He is a grandson of Han Hwak (Queen Insu’s father)
  9. ↑ He married a great-granddaughter of King Sejong and Queen Soheon through their son, Grand Prince Imyeong. Their 5th daughter became the stepmother of Heo Nanseolheon, thus eventually becoming the step-grandfather of Heo Nanseolheon
  10. ↑ He is a maternal cousin of Grand Prince Wolsan and King Seongjong as his father was the younger brother of Queen Insu and were great-grandsons of Han Hwak
  11. ↑ She became a concubine for King Jungjong and had 3 children (1 son and 2 daughters)
  12. ↑ Son of Grand Prince Wolsan and grandson of Queen Insu and King Deokjong
  13. ↑ Became the adoptive son of Prince Gyeseong (a son of King Seongjong and Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Jinju Ha clan)
  14. ↑ She is the older sister of Jeong Cheol
  15. ↑ She is the daughter of Hong Yeo (홍여, 洪礪) (? - 1533) and Princess Hyejeong (27 October 1514 – 1580) (혜정공주). Princess Hyejeong was the second daughter of King Jungjong (the spouse of Queen Janggyeong) and Royal Noble Consort Gyeong of the Miryang Park clan (1492–1533) (경빈 박씨) (an adoptive cousin of Queen Janggyeong)
  16. ↑ He was the uncle of Queen Inheon and his granduncle married the youngest paternal aunt of Queen Janggyeong, thus becoming the great-great grandnephew-in-law through marriage.
  17. ↑ Conceived by a concubine named Kim Ok (김옥, 金玉) who was of Yangmin status
  18. ↑ Conceived by a Kisaeng named Mae-hyang (매향, 梅香)
  19. ↑ Conceived by a concubine named Deok-nam (덕남, 德南) who was of slave status
  20. ↑ Prince Cheongan’s daughter (from a concubine) became the wife of Yun Doo-su’s father
  21. ↑ Yi Yeong, Prince Cheongan (청안군 이영, 靑安君 李嶸; 1462 - 1495) is the great-grandson of Queen Soheon and King Sejong
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