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| 31 | ||||||
| 2024 | ||||||
| March 29 in recent years |
| 2023 (Wednesday) |
| 2022 (Tuesday) |
| 2021 (Monday) |
| 2020 (Sunday) |
| 2019 (Friday) |
| 2018 (Thursday) |
| 2017 (Wednesday) |
| 2016 (Tuesday) |
| 2015 (Sunday) |
| 2014 (Saturday) |
March 29 is the 88th day of the year (89th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 277 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
- 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice.[1]
- 1461 – Battle of Towton: Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England, bringing a temporary stop to the Wars of the Roses.[2]
- 1549 – The city of Salvador, Bahia, the first capital of Brazil, is founded.[3]
1601–1900
- 1632 – Treaty of Saint-Germain is signed returning Quebec to French control after the English had seized it in 1629.[4]
- 1792 – King Gustav III of Sweden dies after being shot in the back at a midnight masquerade ball at Stockholm's Royal Opera 13 days earlier.[5]
- 1806 – Construction is authorized of the Great National Pike, better known as the Cumberland Road, becoming the first United States federal highway.[6]
- 1809 – King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates after a coup d'état.[7]
- 1809 – At the Diet of Porvoo, Finland's four Estates pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia, commencing the secession of the Grand Duchy of Finland from Sweden.[8]
- 1847 – Mexican–American War: United States forces led by General Winfield Scott take Veracruz after a siege.[9]
- 1849 – The United Kingdom annexes the Punjab.[10]
- 1857 – Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company's rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.[11]
- 1867 – Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which establishes Canada on July 1.[12]
- 1871 – Royal Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria.[13]
- 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Kambula: British forces defeat 20,000 Zulus.[14]
- 1882 – The Knights of Columbus is established.[15]
1901–present
- 1927 – Sunbeam 1000hp breaks the land speed record at Daytona Beach, Florida.[16]
- 1936 – The 1936 German parliamentary election and referendum seeks approval for the recent remilitarization of the Rhineland.[17]
- 1941 – The North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement goes into effect at 03:00 local time.[18]
- 1941 – World War II: British Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy forces defeat those of the Italian Regia Marina off the Peloponnesian coast of Greece in the Battle of Cape Matapan.[19]
- 1942 – The Bombing of Lübeck in World War II is the first major success for the RAF Bomber Command against Germany and a German city.[20]
- 1947 – Malagasy Uprising against French colonial rule begins in Madagascar.[21]
- 1951 – Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage.[22]
- 1951 – Hypnosis murders in Copenhagen[23]
- 1957 – The New York, Ontario and Western Railway makes its final run, the first major U.S. railroad to be abandoned in its entirety.[24]
- 1961 – The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C., to vote in presidential elections.[25]
- 1962 – Arturo Frondizi, the president of Argentina, is overthrown in a military coup by Argentina's armed forces, ending an 111⁄2 day constitutional crisis.[26]
- 1971 – My Lai Massacre: Lieutenant William Calley is convicted of premeditated murder and sentenced to life in prison.[27]
- 1973 – Vietnam War: The last United States combat soldiers leave South Vietnam.[28]
- 1973 – Operation Barrel Roll, a covert American bombing campaign in Laos to stop communist infiltration of South Vietnam, ends.[29]
- 1974 – NASA's Mariner 10 becomes the first space probe to fly by Mercury.[30]
- 1974 – Terracotta Army was discovered in Shaanxi province, China.[31]
- 1982 – The Canada Act 1982 receives the Royal Assent from Queen Elizabeth II, setting the stage for the Queen of Canada to proclaim the Constitution Act, 1982.[32]
- 1984 – The Baltimore Colts load its possessions onto fifteen Mayflower moving trucks in the early morning hours and transfer its operations to Indianapolis.[33]
- 1990 – The Czechoslovak parliament is unable to reach an agreement on what to call the country after the fall of Communism, sparking the so-called Hyphen War.[34]
- 1999 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the 10,000 mark (10,006.78) for the first time, during the height of the dot-com bubble.[35]
- 1999 – A magnitude 6.8 earthquake in India strikes the Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh, killing 103.[36]
- 2001 – A Gulfstream III crashes on approach to Aspen/Pitkin County Airport in Aspen, Colorado. All 18 people on board are killed.[37]
- 2002 – In reaction to the Passover massacre two days prior, Israel launches Operation Defensive Shield against Palestinian militants, its largest military operation in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War.[38]
- 2004 – Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia join NATO as full members.[39]
- 2010 – Two suicide bombers hit the Moscow Metro system at the peak of the morning rush hour, killing 40.[40]
- 2013 – At least 36 people are killed when a 16-floor building collapses in the commercial capital Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.[41]
- 2014 – The first same-sex marriages in England and Wales are performed.[42]
- 2015 – Air Canada Flight 624 skids off the runway at Halifax Stanfield International Airport, after arriving from Toronto shortly past midnight. All 133 passengers and five crews on board survive, with 23 treated for minor injuries.[43]
- 2016 – A United States Air Force F-16 crashes during takeoff from Bagram Airfield in Afghanistan.[44]
- 2017 – Prime Minister Theresa May invokes Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, formally beginning the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union.[45]
Births
Pre-1600
- 1187 – Arthur I, Duke of Brittany, grandson of King Henry II of England (d. 1203)[46]
- 1561 – Santorio Santorio, Italian biologist (d. 1636)[47]
- 1584 – Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general and politician (d. 1648)[48]
1601–1900
- 1602 – John Lightfoot, English priest, scholar, and academic (d. 1675)[49]
- 1713 – John Ponsonby, Irish politician (d. 1789)[50]
- 1735 – Johann Karl August Musäus, German author (d. 1787)[51]
- 1747 – Johann Wilhelm Hässler, German pianist and composer (d. 1822)[52]
- 1769 – Jean-de-Dieu Soult, French general and politician, 12th Prime Minister of France (d. 1851)[53]
- 1780 – Jørgen Jørgensen, Danish adventurer (d. 1841)[54]
- 1790 – John Tyler, American lawyer and politician, 10th President of the United States (d. 1862)[55]
- 1799 – Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1869)[56]
- 1802 – Johann Moritz Rugendas, German landscape painter (d. 1858)[57]
- 1824 – Ludwig Büchner, German physiologist, physician, and philosopher (d. 1899)[58]
- 1826 – Wilhelm Liebknecht, German journalist and politician (d. 1900)[59]
- 1853 – Elihu Thomson, English-American engineer and inventor (d. 1937)[60]
- 1860 – William Benham, New Zealand zoologist (d. 1950)[61]
- 1862 – Adolfo Müller-Ury, Swiss-American painter (d. 1947)[62]
- 1863 – Walter James, Australian politician, 5th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1943)[63]
- 1867 – Cy Young, American baseball player and manager (d. 1955)[64]
- 1869 – Edwin Lutyens, British architect (d. 1944)[65]
- 1871 – Tom Hayward, English cricketer (d. 1939)[66]
- 1872 – Hal Colebatch, English-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1953)[67]
- 1873 – Tullio Levi-Civita, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 1941)[68]
- 1874 – Lou Henry Hoover, American philanthropist and geologist, 33rd First Lady of the United States (d. 1944)[69]
- 1883 – Donald Van Slyke, Dutch-American biochemist (d. 1971)[70]
- 1885 – Dezső Kosztolányi, Hungarian author and poet (d. 1936)[71]
- 1889 – Warner Baxter, American actor (d. 1951)[72]
- 1889 – Howard Lindsay, American producer, playwright, librettist, director and actor (d. 1968)[73]
- 1890 – Harold Spencer Jones, English astronomer (d. 1960)[74]
- 1891 – Yvan Goll, French-German poet and playwright (d. 1950)[75]
- 1892 – József Mindszenty, Hungarian cardinal (d. 1975)[76]
- 1895 – Ernst Jünger, German philosopher and author (d. 1998)[77]
- 1896 – Wilhelm Ackermann, German mathematician (d. 1962)[78]
- 1899 – Lavrentiy Beria, Georgian-Russian general and politician (d. 1953)[79]
- 1900 – John McEwen, Australian farmer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1980)[80]
- 1900 – Charles Sutherland Elton, English zoologist and animal ecologist (d. 1991)[81]
1901–present
- 1902 – Marcel Aymé, French author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1967)[82]
- 1902 – William Walton, English composer (d. 1983)[83]
- 1903 – Douglas Harkness, Canadian colonel and politician, Canadian Minister of National Defence (d. 1999)[84]
- 1907 – Braguinha, Brazilian singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2006)[85]
- 1908 – Arthur O'Connell, American actor (d. 1981)[86]
- 1908 – Dennis O'Keefe, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1968)[87]
- 1909 – Moon Mullican, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1967)[88]
- 1912 – Hanna Reitsch, German soldier and pilot (d. 1979)[89]
- 1913 – Phil Foster, American actor (d. 1985)[90]
- 1913 – Jack Jones, British trade union leader, General Secretary of the Transport and General Workers' Union (d. 2009)[91]
- 1914 – Chapman Pincher, Indian-English historian, journalist, and author (d. 2014)[92]
- 1916 – Peter Geach, English philosopher and academic (d. 2013)[93]
- 1916 – Eugene McCarthy, American poet and politician (d. 2005)[94]
- 1917 – Tommy Holmes, American baseball player (d. 2008)[95]
- 1917 – Ieuan Maddock, Welsh scientist and nuclear researcher (d. 1988)[96]
- 1918 – Pearl Bailey, American actress and singer (d. 1990)[97]
- 1918 – Lê Văn Thiêm, Vietnamese mathematician and academic (d. 1991)[98]
- 1918 – Sam Walton, American businessman, founded Walmart and Sam's Club (d. 1992)[99]
- 1919 – Eileen Heckart, American actress (d. 2001)[100]
- 1920 – John M. Belk, American businessman and politician (d. 2007)[101]
- 1920 – Clarke Fraser, American-Canadian geneticist and academic (d. 2014)[102]
- 1920 – Pierre Moinot, French author (d. 2007)[103]
- 1920 – Theodore Trautwein, American lawyer and judge (d. 2000)[104]
- 1921 – Sam Loxton, Australian cricketer, footballer, and politician (d. 2011)[105]
- 1923 – Geoff Duke, English-Manx motorcycle racer (d. 2015)[106]
- 1923 – Betty Binns Fletcher, American lawyer and judge (d. 2012)[107]
- 1926 – Vladimir Bolotin, Russian physicist (d. 2008)[108]
- 1927 – Martin Fleischmann, British chemist (d. 2012)[109]
- 1927 – John McLaughlin, American journalist and producer (d. 2016)[110]
- 1927 – John Vane, English pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)[111]
- 1928 – Romesh Bhandari, Pakistani-Indian politician, 13th Foreign Secretary of India (d. 2013)[112]
- 1928 – Keith Botsford, Belgian-American journalist, author, and academic (d. 2018)[113]
- 1928 – Vincent Gigante, American boxer and mobster (d. 2005)[114]
- 1929 – Sheila Kitzinger, English activist, author, and academic (d. 2015)[115]
- 1929 – Richard Lewontin, American biologist, geneticist, and academic (d. 2021)[116]
- 1929 – Lennart Meri, Estonian director and politician, 2nd President of Estonia (d. 2006)[117]
- 1929 – Utpal Dutt, Indian actor, director and playwright (d. 1993)[118]
- 1930 – Anerood Jugnauth, Mauritian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Mauritius (d. 2021)[119]
- 1931 – Aleksei Gubarev, Russian general, pilot and cosmonaut (d. 2015)[120]
- 1931 – Norman Tebbit, English journalist and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster[121]
- 1935 – Ruby Murray, Northern Irish singer (d. 1996)[122]
- 1936 – Richard Rodney Bennett, English-American composer and educator (d. 2012)[123]
- 1936 – John A. Durkin, American lawyer and politician (d. 2012)[124]
- 1936 – Joseph P. Teasdale, American lawyer and politician, 48th Governor of Missouri (d. 2014)[125]
- 1937 – Roberto Chabet, Filipino painter and sculptor (d. 2013)[126]
- 1937 – Smarck Michel, Haitian businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Haiti (d. 2012)[127]
- 1937 – Gordon Milne, English footballer[128]
- 1939 – Roland Arnall, French-American businessman and diplomat, 63rd United States Ambassador to the Netherlands (d. 2008)[129]
- 1939 – Hanumant Singh, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)[130]
- 1940 – Ray Davis, American bass singer (d. 2005)[131]
- 1942 – Scott Wilson, American actor (d. 2018)[132]
- 1943 – John Major, English banker and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom[133]
- 1943 – Vangelis, Greek keyboard player and songwriter (d. 2022)[134]
- 1943 – Eric Idle, English actor, comedian, musician and writer[135]
- 1945 – Speedy Keen, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (d. 2002)[136]
- 1946 – Billy Thorpe, English-Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2007)[137]
- 1947 – Frank Bowe, American academic (d. 2007)[138]
- 1947 – Robert Gordon, American singer and actor (d. 2022)[139]
- 1948 – Barbara Clare Foley, American author and educator[140]
- 1949 – Michael Brecker, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2007)[141]
- 1949 – Joe Ehrmann, American football player and writer[142]
- 1949 – Israel Finkelstein, Israeli archaeologist and professor[143]
- 1949 – Dave Greenfield, English musician (d. 2020)[144]
- 1949 – Pauline Marois, Canadian social worker and politician, 30th Premier of Quebec[145]
- 1950 – Mory Kanté, Guinean vocalist (d. 2020)[146]
- 1951 – David Cheriton, Canadian computer scientist, mathematician and businessman[147]
- 1951 – William Clarke, American harmonica player (d. 1996)[148]
- 1951 – Roger Myerson, American economist and professor[149]
- 1951 – Nick Ut, Vietnamese-American photographer[150]
- 1952 – Jo-Ann Mapson, American author[151]
- 1952 – Teófilo Stevenson, Cuban boxer and engineer (d. 2012)[152]
- 1952 – Bola Tinubu, Nigerian politician, President-elect of Nigeria[153]
- 1952 – Alec Wilkinson, American writer[154]
- 1954 – Mario Clark, American football player[155]
- 1954 – Martha A. Sandweiss, American historian[156]
- 1954 – Suzanna Sherry, American legal scholar[157]
- 1954 – Evelyn C. White, American writer and editor[158]
- 1955 – Earl Campbell, American football player[159]
- 1955 – Gillian Conoley, American poet[160]
- 1955 – Brendan Gleeson, Irish actor[161]
- 1955 – Marina Sirtis, British-American actress[162]
- 1956 – Patty Donahue, American singer (d. 1996)[163]
- 1956 – Mary Gentle, English author[164]
- 1956 – William Gurstelle, American writer and inventor[165]
- 1956 – Ted Staunton, Canadian author[166]
- 1956 – Kurt Thomas, American gymnast (d. 2020)[167]
- 1957 – Elizabeth Hand, American author[168]
- 1957 – Mark Hudson, British writer, journalist and art critic[169]
- 1957 – Christopher Lambert, American-French actor[170]
- 1957 – Kathryn Tanner, American theologian[171]
- 1958 – Travis Childers, American businessman and politician[172]
- 1958 – Nouriel Roubini, Iranian-American economic consultant, economist and writer[173]
- 1959 – Brad McCrimmon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011)[174]
- 1960 – Jo Nesbø, Norwegian writer, musician and football player[175]
- 1961 – Todd G. Buchholz, American economist and author[176]
- 1961 – Helen Humphreys, Canadian poet and novelist[177]
- 1961 – Amy Sedaris, American actress and comedian[178]
- 1961 – Michael Winterbottom, English director and producer[179]
- 1962 – Billy Beane, American baseball player and manager[180]
- 1962 – Igor Klebanov, Ukrainian-American theoretical physicist[181]
- 1962 – Kirk Triplett, American golfer[182]
- 1963 – Padraic Kenney, American writer, historian and educator[183]
- 1964 – Catherine Cortez Masto, American attorney and politician[184]
- 1964 – Elle Macpherson, Australian model and actress[185]
- 1965 – Todd F. Davis, American poet and critic[186]
- 1965 – Ayun Halliday, American writer and actor[187]
- 1965 – Brooks Hansen, American novelist, screenwriter and illustrator[188]
- 1965 – Maia Szalavitz, American journalist and author[189]
- 1965 – Bradford Tatum, American actor[190]
- 1966 – Dwayne Harper, American football player[191]
- 1967 – Michel Hazanavicius, French director, producer, and screenwriter[192]
- 1967 – Brian Jordan, American baseball player and sportscaster[193]
- 1967 – Edmundo Paz Soldán, Bolivian writer[194]
- 1968 – Chris Calloway, American football player[195]
- 1968 – Lucy Lawless, New Zealand actress[196]
- 1969 – Ted Lieu, American politician and AFRC colonel[197]
- 1969 – Jimmy Spencer, American football player and coach[198]
- 1970 – J. A. Konrath, American author[199]
- 1971 – Robert Gibbs, American political adviser, 28th White House Press Secretary[200]
- 1971 – Lara Logan, South African television and radio journalist and war correspondent[201]
- 1971 – Hidetoshi Nishijima, Japanese actor[202]
- 1972 – Ernest Cline, American novelist, poet and screenwriter[203]
- 1972 – Stina Leicht, American author[204]
- 1972 – Priti Patel, British Indian politician, Secretary of State for the Home Department[205]
- 1973 – Marc Overmars, Dutch footballer and coach[206]
- 1974 – Alex Cuba, Cuban-Canadian singer-songwriter[207]
- 1976 – Jennifer Capriati, American tennis player[208]
- 1977 – Nina Riggs, American writer and poet[209]
- 1978 – Ian Holding, Zimbabwean writer[210]
- 1979 – Luis Ortiz, Cuban boxer[211]
- 1980 – Hamzah bin Hussein, Jordanian prince[212]
- 1980 – Molly Brodak, American poet and writer (d. 2020)[213]
- 1980 – Chris D'Elia, American stand-up comedian, actor and writer[214]
- 1980 – Bill Demong, American skier[215]
- 1981 – Jasmine Crockett, American attorney and politician[216]
- 1981 – Megan Hilty, American actress and singer[217]
- 1981 – PJ Morton, American musician, singer, songwriter and record producer[218]
- 1981 – Jlloyd Samuel, Trinidadian footballer (d. 2018)[219]
- 1983 – Efstathios Aloneftis, Greek-Cypriot footballer[220]
- 1983 – Chokwe Antar Lumumba, American attorney, activist and politician[221]
- 1985 – Fernando Amorebieta, Venezuelan footballer[222]
- 1986 – Sylvan Ebanks-Blake, English footballer[223]
- 1986 – Lucas Elliot Eberl, American actor and director[224]
- 1989 – James Tomkins, English footballer[225]
- 1990 – Lyle Taylor, English footballer[226]
- 1991 – Irene, South Korean idol, actress and television host[227]
- 1991 – N'Golo Kanté, French footballer[228]
- 1993 – Thorgan Hazard, Belgian footballer[229]
- 1994 – Jung Jae-won, South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter, and actor[230]
- 1994 – Matt Olson, American baseball player[231]
- 1996 – Wade Baldwin IV, American basketball player[232]
- 2004 – Kim Ju-chan, South Korean footballer[233]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 500 – Gwynllyw, Welsh king and religious figure[234]
- 1058 – Pope Stephen IX (b. 1020)[235]
- 1461 – Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (b. 1421)[236]
- 1461 – Lionel Welles, 6th Baron Welles (c. 1406)[237]
1601–1900
- 1628 – Tobias Matthew, English archbishop and academic (b. 1546)[238]
- 1629 – Jacob de Gheyn II, Dutch painter and engraver (b. 1565)[239]
- 1697 – Nicolaus Bruhns, Danish-German organist, violinist, and composer (b. 1665)[240]
- 1703 – George Frederick II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, (b. 1678)[241]
- 1751 – Thomas Coram, English captain and philanthropist, founded Foundling Hospital (b. 1668)[242]
- 1772 – Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish astronomer, philosopher, and theologian (b. 1688)[243]
- 1777 – Johann Heinrich Pott, Prussian physician and chemist (b. 1692)[244]
- 1788 – Charles Wesley, English missionary and poet (b. 1707)[245]
- 1792 – Gustav III, Swedish king (b. 1746)[246]
- 1800 – Marc René, marquis de Montalembert, French general and engineer (b. 1714)[247]
- 1803 – Gottfried van Swieten, Dutch-Austrian librarian and diplomat (b. 1733)[248]
- 1822 – Johann Wilhelm Hässler, German pianist and composer (b. 1747)[52]
- 1824 – Hans Nielsen Hauge, Norwegian lay minister, social reformer and author (b. 1771)[249]
- 1826 – Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet, translator and academic (b. 1751)[250]
- 1830 – James Rennell, English geographer, historian and oceanography pioneer (b. 1742)[251]
- 1848 – John Jacob Astor, German-American businessman (b. 1763)[252]
- 1866 – John Keble, English priest and poet (b. 1792)[253]
- 1888 – Charles-Valentin Alkan, French pianist and composer (b. 1813)[254]
- 1891 – Georges Seurat, French painter (b. 1859)[255]
1901–present
- 1903 – Gustavus Franklin Swift, American business executive (b. 1839)[256]
- 1906 – Slava Raškaj, Croatian painter (b. 1878)[257]
- 1911 – Alexandre Guilmant, French organist and composer (b. 1837)[258]
- 1912 – Henry Robertson Bowers, Scottish lieutenant and explorer (b. 1883)[259]
- 1912 – Robert Falcon Scott, English lieutenant and explorer (b. 1868)[260]
- 1912 – Edward Adrian Wilson, English physician and explorer (b. 1872)[261]
- 1915 – William Wallace Denslow, American illustrator and caricaturist (b. 1856)[262]
- 1921 – John Burroughs, American naturalist and nature essayist (b. 1837)[263]
- 1924 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer and conductor (b. 1852)[264]
- 1934 – Otto Hermann Kahn, German-American banker and philanthropist (b. 1867)[265]
- 1937 – Karol Szymanowski, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1882)[266]
- 1940 – Alexander Obolensky, Russian-English rugby player and soldier (b. 1916)[267]
- 1948 – Harry Price, English parapsychologist and author (b. 1881)[268]
- 1957 – Joyce Cary, Anglo-Irish novelist (b. 1888)[269]
- 1959 – Barthélemy Boganda, African priest and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (b. 1910)[270]
- 1963 – Gaspard Fauteux, Canadian dentist and politician, 19th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1898)[271]
- 1963 – Frances Jenkins Olcott, American author and librarian (b. 1872)[272]
- 1966 – Stylianos Gonatas, Greek Army officer and Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1876)[273]
- 1970 – Anna Louise Strong, American journalist and author (b. 1885)[274]
- 1971 – Dhirendranath Datta, Pakistani lawyer and politician (b. 1886)[275]
- 1972 – J. Arthur Rank, English businessman, founded Rank Organisation (b. 1888)[276]
- 1979 – Nikos Petzaropoulos, Greece footballer (b. 1927)[277]
- 1981 – Eric Williams, Trinidadian historian and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1911)[278]
- 1982 – Walter Hallstein, German academic and politician, 1st President of the European Commission (b. 1901)[279]
- 1982 – Frederick George Mann, British organic chemist (b. 1897)[280]
- 1982 – Carl Orff, German composer and educator (b. 1895)[281]
- 1982 – Nathan Farragut Twining, American general (b. 1897)[282]
- 1985 – Luther Terry, American physician and academic, 9th Surgeon General of the United States (b. 1911)[283]
- 1985 – Janet Watson, British geologist (b. 1923)[284]
- 1988 – Maurice Blackburn, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1914)[285]
- 1988 – Ted Kluszewski, American baseball player and coach (b. 1924)[286]
- 1991 – Guy Bourdin, French photographer (b. 1928)[287]
- 1992 – Paul Henreid, American actor (b. 1908)[288]
- 1994 – Bill Travers, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1922)[289]
- 1995 – Mort Meskin, American illustrator (b. 1916)[290]
- 1995 – Terry Moore, American baseball player and coach (b. 1912)[291]
- 1996 – Bill Goldsworthy, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1944)[292]
- 1997 – Norman Pirie, British biochemist and virologist (b. 1907)[293]
- 1999 – Joe Williams, American jazz singer (b. 1918)[294]
- 2001 – Helge Ingstad, Norwegian lawyer, academic, and explorer (b. 1899)[295]
- 2001 – John Lewis, American pianist and composer (b. 1920)[296]
- 2003 – Carlo Urbani, Italian physician and microbiologist (b. 1956)[297]
- 2004 – Lise de Baissac, Mauritian-born SOE agent (b. 1905)[298]
- 2004 – Joel Feinberg, American philosopher and academic (b. 1926)[299]
- 2006 – Salvador Elizondo, Mexican author and poet (b. 1932)[300]
- 2007 – Larry L'Estrange, English rugby player and soldier (b. 1934)[301]
- 2009 – Vladimir Fedotov, Russian footballer and manager (b. 1943)[302]
- 2009 – Andy Hallett, American actor and singer (b. 1975)[303]
- 2011 – Ângelo de Sousa, Portuguese painter and sculptor (b. 1938)[304]
- 2011 – Iakovos Kambanellis, Greek author, poet, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1921)[305]
- 2012 – Pap Cheyassin Secka, Gambian lawyer and politician, 8th Attorney General of the Gambia (b. 1942)[306]
- 2012 – Bill Jenkins, American race car driver and engineer (b. 1930)[307]
- 2013 – Reginald Gray, Irish-French painter (b. 1930)[308]
- 2013 – Brian Huggins, English-Canadian journalist and actor (b. 1931)[309]
- 2013 – Ralph Klein, Canadian journalist and politician, 12th Premier of Alberta (b. 1942)[310]
- 2013 – Art Phillips, Canadian businessman and politician, 32nd Mayor of Vancouver (b. 1930)[311]
- 2014 – Marc Platt, American actor and dancer (b. 1913)[312]
- 2015 – William Delafield Cook, Australian-English painter (b. 1926)[313]
- 2016 – Patty Duke, American actress (b. 1946)[314]
- 2017 – Alexei Abrikosov, Russian physicist, 2003 Nobel laureate in Physics (b. 1928)[315]
- 2018 – Anita Shreve, American author (b. 1946)[316]
- 2019 – Agnès Varda, French film director (b. 1928)[317]
- 2020 – Joe Diffie, American country music singer (b. 1958)[318]
- 2020 – Alan Merrill, American musician (b. 1951)[319]
- 2020 – Krzysztof Penderecki, Polish composer and conductor (b. 1933)[320]
- 2021 – Bashkim Fino, Albanian politician, 29th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1962)[321]
- 2021 – Sarah Onyango Obama, Kenyan educator and philanthropist (b. 1921)[322]
- 2022 – Charles Jeffrey, British botanist (b. 1934)[323]
- 2022 – Jennifer Wilson, English actress (b. 1932)[324]
- 2023 – John Kerin, Australian politician (b. 1937)[325]
- 2023 – Vivan Sundaram, Indian contemporary artist (b. 1943)[326]
Holidays and observances
References
- ↑ Necipoğlu, Nevra (2009). Byzantium between the Ottomans and the Latins: Politics and Society in the Late Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 112. ISBN 9780521877381.
- ↑ Markham, Clements (1906). "The Crowning Victory of Towton". Richard III: His Life and Character. London, United Kingdom: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 37 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ MacErlean, A. A. (1912). . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ↑ De Waele1, Michel (26 August 2020). "L'affaire de la Mary Fortune. Les traités de Saint-Germain de 1632 et la souveraineté sur le Canada". Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française (in French). 73 (4): 61–82. doi:10.7202/1071206ar. S2CID 235001865.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ Eisner, Manuel (1 May 2011). "Killing Kings: Patterns of Regicide in Europe, AD 600-1800". British Journal of Criminology. 51 (3): 556. doi:10.1093/bjc/azr004.
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- ↑ "Suzanna Sherry". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2005. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Evelyn C. White". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2007. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Earl Campbell". Contemporary Black Biography (Collection). Vol. 104. Gale. 2013. ISSN 1058-1316. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Gillian F. Conoley". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2007. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Brendan Gleeson". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Marina Sirtis". Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television (Collection). Vol. 107. Gale. 2011. ISSN 0749-064X. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ Simmonds, Jeremy (2012). The Encyclopedia of Dead Rock Stars: Heroin, Handguns, and Ham Sandwiches (2nd ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Review Press. p. 361. ISBN 9781613744789.
- ↑ "Mary Gentle". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2005. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "William Gurstelle". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2012. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Ted Staunton". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2015. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ Goldstein, Richard (7 June 2020). "Kurt Thomas, Trailblazing Champion Gymnast, Dies at 64". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Elizabeth Hand". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2019. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Mark Hudson". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2002. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Christopher Lambert". Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television (Collection). Vol. 67. Gale. 2006. ISSN 0749-064X. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ "Kathryn Tanner". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2012. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ United States Congress. "CHILDERS, Travis W. (id: C001074)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- ↑ Mullins, Luke (March 2009). "Nouriel Roubini". U.S. News & World Report. 146 (2): 38. ISSN 0041-5537. Retrieved 17 March 2023 – via EBSCOHost.
- ↑ "A plane crash killed 43 people including all but one of players & coaches of Yaroslavl Lokomotiv". The Daily Herald-Tribune. 8 September 2011. p. 16. Retrieved 16 March 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ "Jo Nesbo". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2019. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Todd G. Buchholz". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2017. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Helen Humphreys". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2010. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Amy Sedaris". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2010. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Michael Winterbottom". Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television (Collection). Vol. 67. Gale. 2006. ISSN 0749-064X. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ "Billy Beane". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2011. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Igor Romanovich Klebanov". American Men & Women of Science: A Biographical Directory of Today's Leaders in Physical, Biological, and Related Sciences (26th ed.). Detroit, Mich.: Gale. 2009. ISBN 9781414433004. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Kirk Alan Triplett". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2000. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Padraic Jeremiah Kenney". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2018. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ United States Congress. "CORTEZ MASTO, Catherine Marie (id: C001113)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- ↑ "Elle Macpherson". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Todd Fleming Davis". Directory of American Scholars. Gale. 2002. ISSN 0070-5101. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Ayun Halliday". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2010. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Brooks Hansen". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2009. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Maia Szalavitz". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2017. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Bradford Tatum". Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television (Collection). Vol. 118. Gale. 2012. ISSN 0749-064X. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ "Dwayne Anthony Harper". Who's Who Among African Americans (Collection). Gale. 2021. ISSN 1081-1400. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Michel Hazanavicius". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Brian O'Neil Jordan". Who's Who Among African Americans (Collection). Gale. 2021. ISSN 1081-1400. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Jose Edmundo Paz-Soldan". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2007. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Christopher Fitzpatrick Calloway". Who's Who Among African Americans (Collection). Gale. 2021. ISSN 1081-1400. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Lucy Lawless adds another candle to cake". The Daily News Journal. Associated Press. 24 March 2000. p. 28. Retrieved 16 March 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ United States Congress. "LIEU, Ted (id: L000582)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- ↑ "Jimmy Spencer". Who's Who Among African Americans (Collection). Gale. 2021. ISSN 1081-1400. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "J. A. Konrath". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2010. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Robert Gibbs". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Lara Logan". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2009. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Hidetoshi Nishijima". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Ernest Cline". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2016. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Stina Leicht". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2012. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Profile: Priti Patel". BBC News. 8 November 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2015). The PFA Premier & Football League players' records 1946-2015 (First ed.). Hextable. p. 652. ISBN 9781782811671.
- ↑ "Alex Cuba". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Jennifer Capriati" (Collection). Encyclopedia of World Biography Online. Gale. 1998. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Nina Riggs". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2018. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Ian Holding". Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors (Collection). Gale. 2013. ISBN 9780787639952. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Luis Ortiz". Contemporary Black Biography (Collection). Vol. 134. Gale. 2016. ISSN 1058-1316. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Hamzah". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2005. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ Slotnik, Daniel E. (19 March 2020). "Molly Brodak, Poet and Memoirist of Her Father's Crimes, Dies at 39". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Chris D'Elia". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Billy Demong". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2014. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ United States Congress. "CROCKETT, Jasmine (id: C001130)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- ↑ "Megan Hilty". Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television (Collection). Vol. 123. Gale. 2012. ISSN 0749-064X. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ "PJ Morton". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2002). The PFA footballers' Who's Who 2002-03. Harpenden: Queen Anne. p. 364. ISBN 1852916486.
- ↑ "Cyprus - e. Aloneftis - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway".
- ↑ "Chokwe Antar Lumumba". Contemporary Black Biography Online (Collection). Gale. 2020. ISSN 1058-1316. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
- ↑ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2015). The PFA Premier & Football League players' records 1946-2015 (First ed.). Hextable. p. 27. ISBN 9781782811671.
- ↑ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2015). The PFA Premier & Football League players' records 1946-2015 (First ed.). Hextable. p. 256. ISBN 9781782811671.
- ↑ "Lucas Elliot". Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television (Collection). Vol. 76. Gale. 2007. ISSN 0749-064X. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ↑ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2015). The PFA Premier & Football League players' records 1946-2015 (First ed.). Hextable. p. 846. ISBN 9781782811671.
- ↑ Hugman, Barry J., ed. (2015). The PFA Premier & Football League players' records 1946-2015 (First ed.). Hextable. p. 828. ISBN 9781782811671.
- ↑ "Red Velvet Profile" (in Korean). Archived from the original on October 18, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
- ↑ "N'Golo Kanté". Gale Biography Online Collection (Collection). Gale. 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
- ↑ "Thorgan Hazard Stats, News, Bio". ESPN. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
- ↑ "Wŏn Pŭropil" 원 프로필 [One Profile] (in Korean). Naver. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
- ↑ "Matt Olson". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ↑ "Wade Baldwin Stats". Basketball Reference. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ↑ 선수단 - FW.37 김주찬 (in Korean). Suwon Samsung Bluewings. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
- 1 2 Hemmings, Andrew (15 August 2017). Secret Newport. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-4456-6327-2.
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- ↑ Griffiths, R. A. (3 January 2008). "Percy, Henry, third earl of Northumberland (1421–1461), magnate". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21934. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ Hicks, Michael (2004). "Welles, Leo [Lionel], sixth Baron Welles (c. 1406–1461), soldier". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28998. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ Sheils, William Joseph (4 October 2012). "Matthew, Tobie (1544?–1628), archbishop of York". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/18342. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ Reznicek, E. K. J. (2003). "Gheyn, de family". Oxford Art Online. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T031910.
- ↑ McLean, Hugh J. (2001). "Bruhns, Nicolaus". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.04146. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
- ↑ Theodor Hirsch (1878), "Georg Friedrich (Markgraf von Brandenburg-Ansbach)", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 8, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, p. 629
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- ↑ Lindroth, Sten (1981). Hugman, Barry J. (ed.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 13. New York: Scribner. p. 178. ISBN 0684169622.
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- ↑ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 736–738.
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- ↑ Karl Weiß (1894), "Swieten, Gottfried Freiherr von", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 37, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 271–272
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- ↑ Cook, Andrew S. (2004). "Rennell, James (1742–1830), cartographer". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/23369. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ Williams, Kenneth H. (February 2000). "Astor, John Jacob (1763-1848), fur trader and financier". American National Biography. New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1000054. (subscription required)
- ↑ Butler, Perry (5 January 2006). "Keble, John (1792–1866), Church of England clergyman and poet". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/15231. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ Macdonald, Hugh (2001). "Alkan [Morhange], (Charles-)Valentin". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.00579. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
- ↑ Smith, Paul (2003). "Seurat, Georges(-Pierre)". Oxford Art Online. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T077838. ISBN 9781884446054.
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- ↑ Ožegović, Nina (26 May 2008). "Sjaj genijalne slikarice" [Glory of a genius artist]. Nacional (in Croatian). No. 654. Archived from the original on 23 May 2012. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
- ↑ Thomson, Andrew (2001). "Guilmant, (Félix) Alexandre". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.11996. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
- ↑ Pottle, Mark (2004). "Bowers, Henry Robertson [Birdie] (1883–1912), polar explorer". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/76161. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ King, H. G. R. (2004). "Scott, Robert Falcon [known as Scott of the Antarctic] (1868–1912), naval officer and Antarctic explorer". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35994. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ Savours, Ann (6 January 2011). "Wilson, Edward Adrian (1872–1912), Antarctic explorer and naturalist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/36952. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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- ↑ Dibble, Jeremy (2001). "Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.26549. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
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- ↑ Attwater, Donald (1994). A New Dictionary of Saints. Liturgical Press. p. 52. ISBN 0814623247.
- ↑ Attwater, Donald (1994). A New Dictionary of Saints. Liturgical Press. p. 175. ISBN 0814623247.
- ↑ Falola, Toyin; Jean-Jacques, Daniel, eds. (2016). Africa: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 216. ISBN 9781598846669.
- ↑ Späth, Mareike; Rajaonarison, Helihanta (January 2013). "National days between commemoration and celebration: remembering 1947 and 1960 in Madagascar". Anthropology Southern Africa. 36 (1–2): 47–57. doi:10.1080/23323256.2013.11500042. S2CID 146615393.
- ↑ Geppert, Cynthia M.A. (12 May 2021). "An Anniversary Postponed and a Diagnosis Delayed: Vietnam and PTSD". Federal Practitioner. 38 (5): 200–201. doi:10.12788/fp.0127. PMC 8221827. PMID 34177227.
- ↑ Barrera, María del Valle; Koch, Tomás; Aguirre, Benigno E. (2013). "Commemorating Chile's Coup: The Dynamics of Collective Behavior". Latin American Politics and Society. 55 (2): 106–132. doi:10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00195.x. S2CID 145284707.
- ↑ Plummer, Mark (1 January 1970). "Taiwan: Toward a Second Generation of Mainland Rule". Asian Survey. 10 (1): 18–24. doi:10.2307/2642141. JSTOR 2642141.
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