The Cabinet of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Kabinesi) or Presidential Cabinet (Turkish: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kabinesi) is the body that exercises executive power in Turkey. It is composed of the President, Vice President and the heads of the ministries.

According to the Turkish constitution, cabinet members can't be a member of parliament due to separation of powers.

Process of nomination and appointment

The President of Turkey is elected by the people every five years. The president then appoints and dismiss the deputies of the president as well as the ministers according to article 104 of the Constitution. The deputies of the president and the ministers are required to take oath before the Parliament.

After the transition to a presidential system in 2017, the cabinet does not require a parliamentary approval anymore to be formed.[1]

Separation of powers

Cabinet members and other members of the executive power cannot occupy any position in the Parliament. Cabinet ministers, and other executive branch appointees, must resign their seat in Parliament to serve in the government. These restrictions are in place to alleviate external pressure and influence on ministers, and to enable them to focus on their governmental work.

The Parliament has no role in confirming presidential appointments for the cabinet. However, a majority vote in the Parliament can overturn a presidential decree. It can also table a motion requesting that the ministers to be investigated on allegations of perpetration of a crime regarding their duties. The Parliament also can dismiss the President (and thus the whole cabinet) by calling for early presidential elections. In order to achieve this, a three-fifth majority in the Parliament is required. In this case, both the presidential election as well as the parliamentary election shall be renewed.[2]

Functioning

The president is the chief executive leader. Therefore, the whole cabinet's tenure is linked to the president's tenure: The president's (and the cabinet's) term automatically ends, if a newly elected president sits for the first time, or if the president resigns or dies.

The President is responsible for guiding the cabinet and deciding its political direction. According to the principle of departmentalization, the cabinet ministers are free to carry out their duties independently within the boundaries set by the President's political directives. The Parliament may at any time ask the President to dismiss a minister or to appoint a new minister. The President also decides the scope of each minister's duties and can nominate ministers to lead a department and so called ministers for special affairs without an own department. The president can also lead a department himself.

The president's freedom to shape its cabinet is only limited by some constitutional provisions: The president has to appoint a Minister of Defence, a Minister of Internal Affairs, Minister of Foreign Affairs and a Minister of Justice and is implicitly forbidden from also heading one of these departments, as the constitution invests these ministers with some special powers. For example, the Minister of Justice is also the President of the Council of Judges and Prosecutors. If two ministers disagree on a particular point, the cabinet resolves the conflict by a majority vote or the President exercises final decision authority. This often depends on the President's governing style.

The President may appoint one or more deputies after being elected, who may deputise for the President in their absence. If the President dies or is unwilling or unable to act as President, the Deputy President shall act as and exercise the powers of the President until the next President of the Republic is elected.

According to established practice, decisions on important security issues are made by the National Security Council, a government agency chaired by the President. Pursuant to its (classified) rules of procedure, its sessions are confidential.

Meetings of the cabinet

The cabinet regularly meets bi-weekly every Monday afternoon. Depending on how busy the schedule is, it is sometimes held on Tuesdays as well. After the meetings, a press conference is held by the head of government or a government spokesperson. The meetings, from which minutes will be drawn up, may be deliberative and/or decision-making. The minutes will include, exclusively, the circumstances related to the time and place of its celebration, the list of attendees, the resolutions adopted and the reports presented. Therefore, the deliberations that the different members of the Government maintain, since these by law are of a secret nature, can not be collected.

The meetings of the cabinet are convened and chaired by the President though, in his absence, Deputy President take the responsibility to chair over the cabinet. Before the transition to the presidential system in 2017, the meetings were chaired by the Prime Minister. Occasionally, the cabinet was also chaired by the President who then attended the meetings solely on a consultative basis.

Location of cabinet meetings

The cabinet meetings are held at the Presidential Complex, the official resident of the President and the headquarters of the government. Previously, the meetings were also held in the Çankaya Mansion and the prime minister's office.[3]

Composition

Office Image Minister Party Took office Left office

President of Turkey
Cumhurbaşkanı		 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
(born 1954)		 3 June 2023 Incumbent
Vice President of Turkey
Cumhurbaşkanı Yardımcısı		 Cevdet Yılmaz
(born 1967)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Justice
Adalet Bakanlığı		 Yılmaz Tunç
(born 1971)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Family and Social Services
Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı		 Mahinur Özdemir
(born 1982)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Labour and Social Security
Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı		 Vedat Işıkhan
(born 1966)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change
Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı		 Mehmet Özhaseki
(born 1957)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Dışişleri Bakanlığı		 Hakan Fidan
(born 1968)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources
Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı		 Alparslan Bayraktar
(born 1975)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Youth and Sports
Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı		 Osman Aşkın Bak
(born 1966)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Treasury and Finance
Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı		 Mehmet Şimşek
(born 1967)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of the Interior
İçişleri Bakanlığı		 Ali Yerlikaya
(born 1968)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Culture and Tourism
Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı		 Mehmet Ersoy
(born 1968)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent


Ministry of National Education
Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı

 Yusuf Tekin
(born 1970)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of National Defense
Millî Savunma Bakanlığı		 Yaşar Güler
(born 1954)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Health
Sağlık Bakanlığı		 Fahrettin Koca
(born 1965)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Industry and Technology
Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı		 Mehmet Fatih Kacır
(born 1984)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı		 İbrahim Yumaklı
(born 1969)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Trade
Ticaret Bakanlığı		 Ömer Bolat
(born 1963)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure
Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı		 Abdulkadir Uraloğlu
(born 1966)		 4 June 2023 Incumbent

See also

References

  1. ↑ Editorial (7 July 2018). "Turkey's Erdogan to name cabinet as signals action on economy". Reuters. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  2. ↑ Makovsky, Alan (19 December 2017). "Turkey's Parliament". Center for American Progress. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  3. ↑ Aydoğan, Merve (21 September 2016). "Cabinet to ensure appointment of administrators means better municipal service". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
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