The Government of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország Kormánya) exercises executive power in Hungary.[1] It is led by the Prime Minister, and is composed of various ministers.[2] It is the principal organ of public administration. The Prime Minister (miniszterelnök) is elected by the National Assembly and serves as the head of government and exercises executive power. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party with the most seats in parliament. The Prime Minister selects Cabinet ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them. Cabinet nominees must appear before consultative open hearings before one or more parliamentary committees, survive a vote in the National Assembly, and be formally approved by the President. The cabinet is responsible to the parliament.

Since the fall of communism, Hungary has a multi-party system. A new Hungarian parliament was elected on 8 April 2018. This parliamentary election was the 8th since the 1990 first multi-party election. The result was a victory for Fidesz–KDNP alliance, preserving its two-thirds majority with Viktor Orbán remaining Prime Minister. It was the second election according to the new Constitution of Hungary which went into force on 1 January 2012. The new electoral law also entered into force that day. The voters elected 199 MPs instead of previous 386 lawmakers.[3][4]

In 2023, there are increasing concern over the commitment of the Hungarian government towards democratic values. Credible sources, including Freedom House[5] and the European Parliament,[6] claim Hungary is no longer a democratic country. Prime Minister Viktor Orban and his leading politicians openly use racist arguments,[7] making the normalization of right-wing extremism a valid concern in case of Hungary.[8]

List of cabinets since 1989:

Governments of Hungary
Name of GovernmentDuration of GovernmentPrime ministerParties Involved
Németh November 24, 1988 – May 23, 1990 Miklós Németh (MSZP) MSZP
Antall May 23, 1990 – December 12, 1993 József Antall (MDF) MDF, FKgP, KDNP
Boross December 12, 1993 – December 21, 1993 Péter Boross (MDF) MDF, EKgP, KDNP
December 21, 1993 – July 15, 1994
Horn July 15, 1994 – July 6, 1998 Gyula Horn (MSZP) MSZP, SZDSZ
Orbán I July 6, 1998 – May 27, 2002 Viktor Orbán (Fidesz) Fidesz, FKgP, MDF
Medgyessy May 27, 2002 – September 29, 2004 Péter Medgyessy (Ind.) MSZP, SZDSZ
Gyurcsány I September 29, 2004 – June 9, 2006 Ferenc Gyurcsány (MSZP)
Gyurcsány II June 9, 2006 – April 14, 2009 Ferenc Gyurcsány (MSZP) MSZP, SZDSZ
Bajnai April 14, 2009 – May 29, 2010 Gordon Bajnai (Ind.) MSZP
Orbán II May 29, 2010 – June 6, 2014 Viktor Orbán (Fidesz) Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán III June 6, 2014 – May 18, 2018 Viktor Orbán (Fidesz) Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán IV May 18, 2018 – May 24, 2022 Viktor Orbán (Fidesz) Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán V May 24, 2022 – present Viktor Orbán (Fidesz) Fidesz, KDNP

Notes
Traditional colours
Hungarian Socialist Party (Magyar Szocialista Párt, MSZP)
Hungarian Democratic Forum (Magyar Demokrata Fórum, MDF)
Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party (Független Kisgazda-, Földmunkás- és Polgári Párt, FKgP)
United Smallholders' Party (Egyesült Történelmi Kisgazda és Polgári Párt, EKgP)
Christian Democratic People's Party (Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt, KDNP)
Alliance of Free Democrats (Szabad Demokraták Szövetsége, SZDSZ)
Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz – Magyar Polgári Szövetség, Fidesz)

Current government

Following the Hungarian parliamentary election, 2022, the current prime minister, Viktor Orbán is serving with his government since 24 May 2022.

Name Office Party Period
Viktor Orbán Prime Minister Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
Zsolt Semjén Deputy Prime Minister
Minister without portfolio for National Politics		 KDNP 24.05.2022 -
Gergely Gulyás Minister of the Prime Minister's Office Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
Antal Rogán Minister of the Prime Minister's Cabinet Office Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
Péter Szijjártó Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
Sándor Pintér Deputy Prime Minister
Minister of Interior		 Independent 24.05.2022 -
Judit Varga Minister of Justice Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
Mihály Varga Minister of Finance Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
János Csák Minister of Culture and Innovation Independent 24.05.2022 -
László Palkovics Minister of National Innovation and Technology Independent 24.05.2022 -
István Nagy Minister of Agriculture Fidesz 18.05.2018 -
Kristóf Szalay-Bobrovniczky Minister of Defence Independent 24.05.2022 -
János Lázár Minister of Construction and Investment Fidesz 24.05.2022 -
Márton Nagy Minister without portfolio for Economic Development Independent 24.05.2022 -
Tibor Navracsics Minister without portfolio for Land Development and Use of EU Funds Fidesz 24.05.2022 -

Government history, since 1990

Prime ministers

Minister of the Interior

Sándor Pintér
Ministry of Interior
MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Balázs Horváth23.05.1990 - 21.12.1990MDFAntall
Péter Boross21.12.1990 - 21.12.1993MDF
Imre Kónya21.12.1993 - 15.07.1994MDFBoross
Gábor Kuncze15.07.1994 - 06.07.1998SZDSZHorn
Sándor Pintér06.07.1998 - 27.05.2002IndependentOrbán I
Mónika Lamperth27.05.2002 - 09.06.2006MSZPMedgyessy, Gyurcsány I
Sándor Pintér29.05.2010 -IndependentOrbán II, Orbán III, Orbán IV, Orbán V
Ministry of Local Government (2006-2010)
MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Mónika Lamperth09.06.2006 - 30.06.2007MSZPGyurcsány II
Gordon Bajnai30.06.2007 - 30.04.2008Independent
István Gyenesei30.04.2008 - 14.04.2009Somogyért
Zoltán Varga14.04.2009 - 29.05.2010MSZPBajnai
Ministry of Justice and Law Enforcement (2006-2010)
MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
József Petrétei09.06.2006 - 31.05.2007IndependentGyurcsány II
Albert Takács01.06.2007 - 17.02.2008Independent
Tibor Draskovics18.02.2008 - 14.12.2009IndependentGyurcsány II, Bajnai
Imre Forgács14.12.2009 - 29.05.2010IndependentBajnai

Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade

Péter Szíjjártó

The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország külügyminisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The current foreign minister is Péter Szijjártó.

MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Géza Jeszenszky23.05.1990 - 15.07.1994MDFAntall, Boross
László Kovács15.07.1994 - 08.07.1998MSZPHorn
János Martonyi08.07.1998 - 27.05.2002IndependentOrbán I
László Kovács27.05.2002 - 01.11.2004MSZPMedgyessy, Gyurcsány I
Ferenc Somogyi01.11.2004 - 09.06.2006IndependentGyurcsány I
Kinga Göncz09.06.2006 - 14.04.2009IndependentGyurcsány II
Péter Balázs14.04.2009 - 29.05.2010IndependentBajnai
János Martonyi29.05.2010 - 06.06.2014FideszOrbán II
Tibor Navracsics06.06.2014 - 23.09.2014FideszOrbán III
Péter Szijjártó23.09.2014 -FideszOrbán III, Orbán IV, Orbán V

Minister of National Economy

Mihály Varga
Ministry of National Economy

The Minister of National Economy of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország nemzetgazdasági minisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of National Economy. The current minister of national economy is Mihály Varga.

MinisterIn officePartyCabinet
Minister of Finance
Ferenc Rabár23.05.1990 - 19.12.1990IndependentAntall
Mihály Kupa20.12.1990 - 11.02.1993MDF
Iván Szabó24.02.1993 - 15.07.1994MDFAntall, Boross
László Békesi15.07.1994 - 28.02.1995MSZPHorn
Lajos Bokros01.03.1995 - 29.02.1996MSZP
Péter Medgyessy01.03.1996 - 07.07.1998Independent
Zsigmond Járai08.07.1998 - 31.12.2000FideszOrbán I
Mihály Varga01.01.2001 - 27.05.2002Fidesz
Csaba László27.05.2002 - 15.02.2004MSZPMedgyessy
Tibor Draskovics15.02.2004 - 24.04.2005IndependentMedgyessy, Gyurcsány I
János Veres24.04.2005 - 16.04.2009MSZPGyurcsány I, Gyurcsány II
Péter Oszkó16.04.2009 - 29.05.2010IndependentBajnai
Minister of National Economy
György Matolcsy29.05.2010 - 03.03.2013FideszOrbán II
Mihály Varga03.03.2013 -FideszOrbán II, Orbán III, Orbán IV, Orbán V

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Website of the Government of Hungary". Government of Hungary. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  2. ↑ "Fundamental Law of Hungary (Article 15)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-06-29. Retrieved 2014-12-08.
  3. ↑ Az országgyűlési képviselők választásáról szóló 2011. évi CCIII. törvény. In.: Magyar Közlöny. 2011. évi, 165. sz., 41095-41099. p.
  4. ↑ "Életbe lép az új választójogi törvény". Magyar Nemzet (in Hungarian). 29 December 2011. Archived from the original on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
  5. ↑ Gehrke, Laurenz. "Hungary no longer a democracy, Freedom House says". POLITICO. Retrieved 2023-03-17.
  6. ↑ "MEPs: Hungary can no longer be considered a full democracy | News | European Parliament". www.europarl.europa.eu. 2022-09-15. Retrieved 2023-03-17.
  7. ↑ RFE/RL. "European Parliament Leaders Condemn Orban For 'Openly Racist' Remarks". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2023-03-17.
  8. ↑ [chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://humanrightsfirst.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Antisemitism-Hungary-Factsheet.pdf "Antisemitic and Racist Statements by Hungarian Political Leaders"] (PDF). human rights first. December 2015. Retrieved 2023-03-17. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
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