zaj
See also: zȧj
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈzɒj]
- Hyphenation: zaj
- Rhymes: -ɒj
Etymology 1
From the same Proto-Finno-Ugric root *śoje as Northern Mansi суй (suj, “noise”) and Finnish soida.[1][2]
Noun
zaj (plural zajok)
- noise (various sounds, usually unwanted or unpleasant)
- (photography) image noise (random variation of brightness or color information in photographs)
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | zaj | zajok |
| accusative | zajt | zajokat |
| dative | zajnak | zajoknak |
| instrumental | zajjal | zajokkal |
| causal-final | zajért | zajokért |
| translative | zajjá | zajokká |
| terminative | zajig | zajokig |
| essive-formal | zajként | zajokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | zajban | zajokban |
| superessive | zajon | zajokon |
| adessive | zajnál | zajoknál |
| illative | zajba | zajokba |
| sublative | zajra | zajokra |
| allative | zajhoz | zajokhoz |
| elative | zajból | zajokból |
| delative | zajról | zajokról |
| ablative | zajtól | zajoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
zajé | zajoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
zajéi | zajokéi |
| Possessive forms of zaj | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | zajom | zajaim |
| 2nd person sing. | zajod | zajaid |
| 3rd person sing. | zaja | zajai |
| 1st person plural | zajunk | zajaink |
| 2nd person plural | zajotok | zajaitok |
| 3rd person plural | zajuk | zajaik |
Etymology 2
Of debated origin:[3]
- By semantic split from the above term,[3] or
- from the same Proto-Finno-Ugric *ćaka (“drift ice, thin ice”) (or *śaka[3]) as Western Mansi [script needed] (sai̊) and Northern Sami [Term?] (čuokke -g̬-).[4][5]
Noun
zaj (plural zajok)
Derived terms
- zajlik → zajlás → jégzajlás
References
- Entry #970 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- (noise): zaj in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
- zaj in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- Entry #50 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- (ice floes): zaj in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Further reading
- (noise): zaj in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- ([archaic] ice floes): zaj in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Anagrams
White Hmong
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʐa˥˧/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Hmong-Mien *-roŋ (“dragon”), borrowed from Old Chinese 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “id”). Cognate with Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] ronf and Iu Mien jung.[1][2]
Derived terms
- zaj sawv (“rainbow”)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 行 (MC hang|haeng|hangH|haengH, “classifier for rows”).[3]
Classifier
zaj
References
- Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 251; 286.
- https://web.archive.org/web/20101031002604/http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/25
- Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 231.
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