zèinan
See also: zeinan
Cimbrian
Etymology
From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn (“to be”). Cognate with German sein. An extra -an is added when the verb would only have one syllable.
Past subjunctive forms are from Middle High German werden, from Old High German wërdan (“to be, become, happen”), from Proto-West Germanic *werþan (“to become”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈzɛi.nɐn]
Verb
zèinan (irregular, third-person singular present indicative ist, past participle gabéest, auxiliary zèinan) (Sette Comuni)
- to be
- (auxiliary) With a past participle, forms the preterite tense of some intransitive verbs:
- Ich pin ganghet. ― I went. (NOT: I have gone.)
- (auxiliary) Forms the past and present continuous tense, with the adverb darnaach (“after”):
- Ich pin darnaach ghéenan so misse.
- I am going to Mass.
- Ich pin gabéest darnaach sraiban.
- I was writing.
Conjugation
Conjugation of zèinan – Sette Comuni dialect
| infinitive | zèinan | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | zèinten | ||||
| past participle | gabéest | ||||
| auxiliary | zèinan | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| present | ich pin | bar zèinan | i | ich zèa | bar zèinan |
| du pist | iart zèit | du zèist | iart zèit | ||
| èar ist | ze zèint | èar zèa | ze zèinan | ||
| preterite (composed) |
ich pin gabéest | bar zèinan gabéest | ii | ich börte | bar börtan |
| du pist gabéest | iart zèit gabéest | du börtest | iart börtet | ||
| èar ist gabéest | ze zèint gabéest | èar börte | ze börtan | ||
| imperative | — | — | |||
| zèi (du) | zèit (iart) | ||||
| — | — | ||||
References
- “zèinan” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
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