waken
English
Etymology
From Middle English waknen, from Old English wæcnan, from Proto-Germanic *waknaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈweɪkən/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- Rhymes: -eɪkən
Verb
waken (third-person singular simple present wakens, present participle wakening, simple past and past participle wakened)
- (transitive) To wake or rouse from sleep.
- (intransitive) To awaken; to cease to sleep; to be awakened; to stir.
- 1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
- Early, Turnus wakening with the light.
- 1914, Louis Joseph Vance, chapter II, in Nobody, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 1915, →OCLC:
- She wakened in sharp panic, bewildered by the grotesquerie of some half-remembered dream in contrast with the harshness of inclement fact, drowsily realising that since she had fallen asleep it had come on to rain smartly out of a shrouded sky.
Related terms
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋaːkə(n)/
- Rhymes: -aːkən
Audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch waken, from Old Dutch wacon, from Proto-West Germanic *wakēn, from Proto-Germanic *wakāną (“to be awake”).
Inflection
Conjugation of waken (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | waken | |||
past singular | waakte | |||
past participle | gewaakt | |||
infinitive | waken | |||
gerund | waken n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | waak | waakte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | waakt | waakte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | waakt | waakte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | waakt | waakte | ||
3rd person singular | waakt | waakte | ||
plural | waken | waakten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | wake | waakte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | waken | waakten | ||
imperative sing. | waak | |||
imperative plur.1 | waakt | |||
participles | wakend | gewaakt | ||
1) Archaic. |
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Middle Dutch
Verb
wāken
Inflection
Weak | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | wāken | |
3rd sg. past | — | |
3rd pl. past | — | |
Past participle | — | |
Infinitive | wāken | |
In genitive | wākens | |
In dative | wākene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | wāke | — |
2nd singular | wāecs, wākes | — |
3rd singular | wāect, wāket | — |
1st plural | wāken | — |
2nd plural | wāect, wāket | — |
3rd plural | wāken | — |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | wāke | — |
2nd singular | wāecs, wākes | — |
3rd singular | wāke | — |
1st plural | wāken | — |
2nd plural | wāect, wāket | — |
3rd plural | wāken | — |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | wāec, wāke | |
Plural | wāect, wāket | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | wākende | — |
Further reading
- “waken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “waken (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English wacan, from Proto-West Germanic *wakan, from Proto-Germanic *wakaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwaːkən/
Verb
waken
Conjugation
Conjugation of waken (strong class 6)
infinitive | (to) waken, wake | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | wake | wook | |
2nd-person singular | wakest | woke, wook | |
3rd-person singular | waketh | wook | |
subjunctive singular | wake | woke1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | waken, wake | woken, woke | |
imperative plural | waketh, wake | — | |
participles | wakynge, wakende | waken, wake |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
Etymology 2
From Old English wācian.
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