wḥꜥ

Egyptian

3-lit.

(transitive) to loosen or untie (cords, bonds, knots, etc.)
Synonym: sfḫ
(transitive) to remove (the bandage from a wound)
(transitive) to resolve (difficulties), to unravel (problems)
(transitive) to explain, to expound, to clarify
(transitive) to interpret, to explain the meaning of (an incomprehensible word or event)
(transitive) to interpret, to translate (foreign speech)
(transitive) to understand
(transitive) to loosen up (limbs) out of stiffness
(transitive, intransitive) to heal, to cure
(transitive) to deliver (someone), to set free, to release (+ m or m-ꜥ: from (something bad or evil))
(transitive) to deliver (a woman) in childbirth
(intransitive) to finish up with work, to get off work
(intransitive) to be(come) idle or at leisure, to relax
(intransitive) to return home, especially after a day’s work (+ m: from; r: to (a place))
(transitive) to establish, to build (a building) [Greco-Roman Period]

Conjugation of wḥꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wḥꜥ, geminated stem: wḥꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
wḥꜥ	wḥꜥw, wḥꜥ	wḥꜥt	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
wḥꜥ	ḥr wḥꜥ	m wḥꜥ	r wḥꜥ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	wḥꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	wḥꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	wḥꜥ	wḥꜥ, wḥꜥw⁵, wḥꜥy⁵
imperfective	wḥꜥ, wḥꜥy, wḥꜥw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	wḥꜥ, wḥꜥj⁶, wḥꜥy⁶	wḥꜥ, wḥꜥw⁵
prospective	wḥꜥ, wḥꜥtj⁷	—	wḥꜥtj⁴, wḥꜥt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wḥꜥ

wḥjꜥ

wḥꜥ

[Pyramid Texts]

[Old Kingdom]

[Middle Kingdom]

[New Kingdom]

[Greco-Roman Period]

in hieratic

abbreviation

m

Declension of wḥꜥ (masculine)

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wḥꜥ

wḥꜥ

wḥꜥw

[Middle Kingdom]

“wḥꜥ (lemma ID 48760)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
“wḥꜥ (lemma ID 48790)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 348.3–349.15, 350.1–350.6
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 66
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 339.

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