tym

• IPA^(key): /ˈtym/

Disputed.

1. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós,[1][2] whence also Latin fūmus (“smoke”), Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós, “breath, spirit”), though the voiceless /t/ is unexpected. It may have been influenced by the Greek descendant.
2. From Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁t-mō (“breath, soul”),[3] whence also Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātmán), Proto-Germanic *ēþmaz, though the vowels are unexpected.
3. Borrowed from Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós).[4] This has been challenged on semantic grounds.[3]

tym m (plural tymra, definite tymi)

1. smoke

• Bardhi, F. (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 28: “fumus — tim”
• Jungg, G. (1895) “tȣm”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 163

tym m (plural tymra, definite tymi)

1. (archaic) family

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

tym

1. classifier for fields

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

• IPA^(key): [tɨm]

tym

1. instrumental masculine singular of ten
2. instrumental neuter singular of ten
3. dative plural of ten

tym

1. Alternative form of tyme (“time”)

• tem

insrumental singular of ten／to. First attested in 1425.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /tɨm/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /tɨm/

tym

1. used in parallel, conditional or comparative statements; the
   • 1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I‎, page 37:

     Przeto aby naszy poddany czczą tym szyrzey slynaly, vstawyamy

     [Przeto aby naszy poddani czcią tym szyrzej słynęli, ustawiamy]

   • Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎, Krakow, page gl. 70b:

     Yscy velkocrocz sø to przygadza, gymcy clouek gest pøknegsy, timcy gest f serczu gorsy, a presto gdiscy mili Ihu Xc cloueka czudne stvorzy, tymcy sø richle grechu dopuscy

     [Iż ci wielkokroć się to przygadza, jimci człowiek jest piękniejszy, tymci jest w siercu gorszy, a przezto gdyż ci miły Jezu Kryst człowieka cudnie stworzy, tymci się rychle grzechu dopuści]

   • 1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎, 25, 16:

     Czim wyøczey lyat ostalobi po milosciwem lyatv, tim wyøczey roscz bødze y *naem (quanto plures anni remanserint..., tanto crescet et pretium)

     [Czym więcej lat ostałoby po miłościwem latu, tym więcej rość będzie i na[j]em(quanto plures anni remanserint..., tanto crescet et pretium)]

   • 1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 74:

     Quanto, ale y[m] wące, autem eis precipiebat, ut tacerent, tanto magis, tym vącze, plus predicabant (Marc 7, 36)

     [Quanto, ale i[m] więce, autem eis precipiebat, ut tacerent, tanto magis, tym więce, plus predicabant (Marc 7, 36)]

2. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
   1. then (at that time)
      • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 106:

        Aoyad (pro doyad) Antypater v Rzymye byl, tym vmarl Feroras (cum... Antipater Romae esset, mortuus est Pheroras)

        [Dojąd Antypater w Rzymie był, tym umarł Feroras (cum... Antipater Romae esset, mortuus est Pheroras)]

• Polish: tym

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “tym, tem”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨm (“to plant”).

Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní tỹ.

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɨ̃m]
• Rhymes: -ɨ̃m
• Hyphenation: tym

tym (first-person singular active indicative aîotym, first-person singular negative active indicative naîotymi, noun tyma) (transitive)

1. to plant (to place a plant or seed in soil)
   • c. 1585, Joseph of Anchieta, Na aldeia de Guaraparim [In the village of Guaraparim], Guarapari, page 166; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

     Sepya'pe, ereîakasó, missa rendupabe'yma. Ere'u memẽ so'o 'aretéreme; ereîkó kopira resé, kó tyma.

     Out of revenge, you moved out, the reason for which you don't attend Mass. You always ate meat on the days of obligation; you were at the tillage, planting the field.

2. to burry (to place in the ground)

   Synonym: atyb

   • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter XI, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica […], Livro Terceiro do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam [… ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 64v:

     M. Marampe cerecou itîmi yanondê?
     D. Aotinga pupê ynhubàni, itá caràmemoã abá timagoereima pupè ymondèpa.

     [M. Marãpe serekóû i tymy îanondé?
     D. Aotinga pupé i nhubani, itá karamemûã abá tymagûere'yma pupé i mondepa.]

     What did they do before burying him? / In white clothes they wrapped him and placed him inside a stone tomb where no one was burried.

• Nheengatu: yutima

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “tym”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil‎ (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, pages 486–487

• IPA^(key): /tɨm/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈtɨm/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɨm
• Syllabification: tym
• Homophone: Tym

Inherited from Old Polish tym. By surface analysis, the instrumental singular of ten／to.

tym

1. used in parallel, conditional, or comparative statements; the

   No to tym lepiej! ― Well, then all the better!

   im więcej..., tym mniej... ― the more ..., the less ...

   Im większy głód, tym lepiej smakuje. ― The greater the hunger, the better [the food] tastes.

• tem (obsolete)

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), tym (conjunction) is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 30 times in scientific texts, 4 times in news, 29 times in essays, 16 times in fiction, and 24 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 103 times, making it the 612th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

tym m pers

1. inflection of ten:
   1. instrumental/locative singular
   2. dative plural

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

tym n

1. inflection of to:
   1. instrumental/locative singular
   2. dative plural

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

tym f

1. dative plural of ta

• tym in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tym in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “tym”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “TYM”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.05.2010
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “tym”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “tym”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “tym”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 188