spryngen
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Old English springan, from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną; equivalent to spryng + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare sprengen.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsprinɡən/, /ˈsprinkən/
Verb
spryngen (third-person singular simple present spryngeth, present participle spryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative sprang, past participle sprongen)
- To spring (burst forth, shoot out):
- (by extension) To grow, emerge or develop:
- To move with great speed or energy; to dash:
- To become or cause to become diffused; to spread.
- To happen or occur; to come to be.
- To break into pieces; to fall apart.
- (rare, of the heart) To skip a beat.
- (rare) To promote or honour; to make exalted.
Conjugation
Conjugation of spryngen (strong class 3)
infinitive | (to) spryngen, sprynge | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | sprynge | sprang | |
2nd-person singular | spryngest | sprange, sprange, sprang | |
3rd-person singular | spryngeth | sprang | |
subjunctive singular | sprynge | sprange1, sprange1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | spryngen, sprynge | sprangen, sprange, sprangen, sprange | |
imperative plural | spryngeth, sprynge | — | |
participles | spryngynge, spryngende | sprongen, spronge, ysprongen, yspronge |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “springen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
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