schinen
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch skīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskiːnən/, /ˈsxiːnən/
Inflection
Strong class 1 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | schinen | |
3rd sg. past | schêen | |
3rd pl. past | schēnen | |
Past participle | geschēnen | |
Infinitive | schinen | |
In genitive | schinens | |
In dative | schinene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | schine | schêen |
2nd singular | schijns, schines | schēens, schēnes |
3rd singular | schijnt, schinet | schêen |
1st plural | schinen | schēnen |
2nd plural | schijnt, schinet | schēent, schēnet |
3rd plural | schinen | schēnen |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | schine | schēne |
2nd singular | schijns, schines | schēnes |
3rd singular | schine | schēne |
1st plural | schinen | schēnen |
2nd plural | schijnt, schinet | schēnet |
3rd plural | schinen | schēnen |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | schijn, schine | |
Plural | schijnt, schinet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | schinende | geschēnen |
Descendants
- Dutch: schijnen
- Limburgish: sjiene
Further reading
- “schinen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “schinen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English scīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃiːnən/
Verb
schinen
- To emit brightness and lightness; to shine:
- To emit light naturally; to be bright (like a lamp)
- To emit light inherently; to be light (like a sheet of paper)
- To shimmer; to shine due to being glossy, smooth or viscous.
- To be reflective or shine due to this reflectivity
- To gleam; to shine due to expensive accoutrements.
- To shine due to spiritual or mystic power; to shine with holy light.
- To shine upon an area, resulting in it becoming lighter.
- To stand out; to be notable:
- To be respected or well-reputed; to have a good reputation
- To be famous or outstanding; to have an excellent reputation.
- (rare) To be noticeable or be able to be seen.
- (rare) To be apparent or obvious.
- (rare) To celebrate.
- To have skin that is fair and attractive.
- To be holy, free of sins, or righteous.
- To be decorated finely and expensively.
Usage notes
Weak forms are more common in Northern Middle English.
Conjugation
Conjugation of schinen (strong class 1 or weak in -ed)
infinitive | (to) schinen, schine | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | schine | schon, schined | |
2nd-person singular | schinest | schone, schine, schon, schinedest | |
3rd-person singular | schineth | schon, schined | |
subjunctive singular | schine | schone1, schine1, schined1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | schinen, schine | schonen, schone, schinen, schine, schineden, schinede | |
imperative plural | schineth, schine | — | |
participles | schinynge, schinende | schinen, schined, yschinen, yschined |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
References
- “shīnen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-19.
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