puristaa
Finnish
Etymology
purista + -taa, with the sense probably influenced by the similar-sounding pusertaa. Cognates include Karelian puristoa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpuristɑːˣ/, [ˈpuris̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uristɑː
- Syllabification(key): pu‧ris‧taa
Verb
puristaa
- to press; to clasp, grasp, grip, squeeze, shake, clench, flatten, squash (to apply pressure)
- puristaa kädessä ― to grasp, clasp, squeeze
- puristaa käsiä ― to squeeze/shake hands
- puristaa hampaat yhteen ― to clench one's teeth
- to compress (to press together into a smaller space)
- to flatten (to make flat by applying pressure)
- to rub, pinch (of shoes, to be too tight)
- to constrict (of a collar, to be too tight)
- to wring (to obtain by force)
Conjugation
Inflection of puristaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | puristan | en purista | 1st sing. | olen puristanut | en ole puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | puristat | et purista | 2nd sing. | olet puristanut | et ole puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puristaa | ei purista | 3rd sing. | on puristanut | ei ole puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | puristamme | emme purista | 1st plur. | olemme puristaneet | emme ole puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | puristatte | ette purista | 2nd plur. | olette puristaneet | ette ole puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | puristavat | eivät purista | 3rd plur. | ovat puristaneet | eivät ole puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | puristetaan | ei puristeta | passive | on puristettu | ei ole puristettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | puristin | en puristanut | 1st sing. | olin puristanut | en ollut puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | puristit | et puristanut | 2nd sing. | olit puristanut | et ollut puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puristi | ei puristanut | 3rd sing. | oli puristanut | ei ollut puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | puristimme | emme puristaneet | 1st plur. | olimme puristaneet | emme olleet puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | puristitte | ette puristaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte puristaneet | ette olleet puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | puristivat | eivät puristaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat puristaneet | eivät olleet puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | puristettiin | ei puristettu | passive | oli puristettu | ei ollut puristettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | puristaisin | en puristaisi | 1st sing. | olisin puristanut | en olisi puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | puristaisit | et puristaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit puristanut | et olisi puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puristaisi | ei puristaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi puristanut | ei olisi puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | puristaisimme | emme puristaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme puristaneet | emme olisi puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | puristaisitte | ette puristaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte puristaneet | ette olisi puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | puristaisivat | eivät puristaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat puristaneet | eivät olisi puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | puristettaisiin | ei puristettaisi | passive | olisi puristettu | ei olisi puristettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | purista | älä purista | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puristakoon | älköön puristako | 3rd sing. | olkoon puristanut | älköön olko puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | puristakaamme | älkäämme puristako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | puristakaa | älkää puristako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | puristakoot | älkööt puristako | 3rd plur. | olkoot puristaneet | älkööt olko puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | puristettakoon | älköön puristettako | passive | olkoon puristettu | älköön olko puristettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | puristanen | en puristane | 1st sing. | lienen puristanut | en liene puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | puristanet | et puristane | 2nd sing. | lienet puristanut | et liene puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puristanee | ei puristane | 3rd sing. | lienee puristanut | ei liene puristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | puristanemme | emme puristane | 1st plur. | lienemme puristaneet | emme liene puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | puristanette | ette puristane | 2nd plur. | lienette puristaneet | ette liene puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | puristanevat | eivät puristane | 3rd plur. | lienevät puristaneet | eivät liene puristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | puristettaneen | ei puristettane | passive | lienee puristettu | ei liene puristettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | puristaa | present | puristava | puristettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | puristanut | puristettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | puristaessa | puristettaessa | agent3 | puristama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | puristamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | puristaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | puristamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | puristamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | puristamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | puristamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | puristamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | puristaman | puristettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th4 | verbal noun | puristaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
verbs
compounds
Further reading
- “puristaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *puristadak. Cognates include Finnish puristaa and Estonian puristada.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpuristɑː/, [ˈpuris̠tɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpuristɑː/, [ˈpuriʃtɑː]
- Rhymes: -uristɑː
- Hyphenation: pu‧ris‧taa
Conjugation
Conjugation of puristaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | purissan | en purissa | 1st singular | oon puristant, oon puristanut | en oo puristant, en oo puristanut |
2nd singular | purissat | et purissa | 2nd singular | oot puristant, oot puristanut | et oo puristant, et oo puristanut |
3rd singular | puristaa | ei purissa | 3rd singular | ono puristant, ono puristanut | ei oo puristant, ei oo puristanut |
1st plural | purissamma | emmä purissa | 1st plural | oomma puristanneet | emmä oo puristanneet |
2nd plural | purissatta | että purissa | 2nd plural | ootta puristanneet | että oo puristanneet |
3rd plural | puristaat1), puristavat2), purissettaa | evät purissa, ei purisseta | 3rd plural | ovat puristanneet | evät oo puristanneet, ei oo purissettu |
impersonal | purissettaa | ei purisseta | impersonal | ono purissettu | ei oo purissettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | purissin | en puristant, en puristanut | 1st singular | olin puristant, olin puristanut | en olt puristant, en olt puristanut |
2nd singular | purissit | et puristant, et puristanut | 2nd singular | olit puristant, olit puristanut | et olt puristant, et olt puristanut |
3rd singular | puristi | ei puristant, ei puristanut | 3rd singular | oli puristant, oli puristanut | ei olt puristant, ei olt puristanut |
1st plural | purissimma | emmä puristanneet | 1st plural | olimma puristanneet | emmä olleet puristanneet |
2nd plural | purissitta | että puristanneet | 2nd plural | olitta puristanneet | että olleet puristanneet |
3rd plural | puristiit1), puristivat2), purissettii | evät puristanneet, ei purissettu | 3rd plural | olivat puristanneet | evät olleet puristanneet, ei olt purissettu |
impersonal | purissettii | ei purissettu | impersonal | oli purissettu | ei olt purissettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | puristaisin | en puristais | 1st singular | olisin puristant, olisin puristanut | en olis puristant, en olis puristanut |
2nd singular | puristaisit, puristaist1) | et puristais | 2nd singular | olisit puristant, olisit puristanut | et olis puristant, et olis puristanut |
3rd singular | puristais | ei puristais | 3rd singular | olis puristant, olis puristanut | ei olis puristant, ei olis puristanut |
1st plural | puristaisimma | emmä puristais | 1st plural | olisimma puristanneet | emmä olis puristanneet |
2nd plural | puristaisitta | että puristais | 2nd plural | olisitta puristanneet | että olis puristanneet |
3rd plural | puristaisiit1), puristaisivat2), purissettais | evät puristais, ei purissettais | 3rd plural | olisivat puristanneet | evät olis puristanneet, ei olis purissettu |
impersonal | purissettais | ei purissettais | impersonal | olis purissettu | ei olis purissettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | purissa | elä purissa | 2nd singular | oo puristant, oo puristanut | elä oo puristant, elä oo puristanut |
3rd singular | puristakkoo | elköö puristako | 3rd singular | olkoo puristant, olkoo puristanut | elköö olko puristant, elköö olko puristanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | puristakkaa | elkää puristako | 2nd plural | olkaa puristanneet | elkää olko puristanneet |
3rd plural | puristakkoot | elkööt puristako, elköö purissettako | 3rd plural | olkoot puristanneet | elkööt olko puristanneet, elköö olko purissettu |
impersonal | purissettakoo | elköö purissettako | impersonal | olkoo purissettu | elköö olko purissettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | puristanen | en puristane | |||
2nd singular | puristanet | et puristane | |||
3rd singular | puristannoo | ei puristane | |||
1st plural | puristanemma | emmä puristane | |||
2nd plural | puristanetta | että puristane | |||
3rd plural | puristannoot | evät puristane, ei purissettane | |||
impersonal | purissettanoo | ei purissettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | puristaa | present | puristava | purissettava | |
2nd | inessive | puristaes | past | puristant, puristanut | purissettu |
instructive | puristaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (puristakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | puristammaa | |||
inessive | puristamas | ||||
elative | puristamast | ||||
abessive | puristamata | ||||
4th | nominative | puristamiin | |||
partitive | puristamista, puristamist |
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 442
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