novus

From Proto-Italic *nowos, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos. Cognates include Old English nīewe (English new), Ancient Greek νέος (néos), Proto-Slavic *novъ, and Sanskrit नव (náva).

Proto-Italic *nowos fails to become Latin *nuus due to specific conditions in the development of Latin, namely -o-(w)- being in the first syllable, whereas *dē nowōd (“anew”) became dēnuō.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈno.u̯us/, [ˈnou̯ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈno.vus/, [ˈnɔːvus]

novus (feminine nova, neuter novum, comparative novior, superlative novissimus, adverb novē or noviter); first/second-declension adjective

1. new, novel

   Synonym: recēns

   Antonyms: prīscus, prīstinus, antīquus, vetus, senex

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Ecclesiastes.1.10:

     nihil sub sole novum

     there is nothing new under the sun

2. fresh, young
3. recent
4. unusual, strange, extraordinary
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.10-11:

     “Quis novus hic nostrīs successit sēdibus hospes?
     Quem sēsē ōre ferēns, quam fortī pectore et armīs!”

     “What [is it about] this unusual guest who has entered our home? How he bears [his noble] face, how brave in heart and in battle!”
     (Dido finds the appearance and character of Aeneas attractive; to her, he is not just another new or unknown visitor to Carthage.)

First/second-declension adjective.

• “novus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “novus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• novus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to enter on a new method: novam rationem ingredi
    
  • a parvenu (a man no member of whose family has held curule office): homo novus
    
  • a demagogue, agitator: plebis dux, vulgi turbator, civis turbulentus, civis rerum novarum cupidus
    
  • revolutionists: homines seditiosi, turbulenti or novarum rerum cupidi
    
  • to hold revolutionary opinions: novarum rerum cupidum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to introduce a new word into the Latin language: inducere novum verbum in latinam linguam
    
  • (ambiguous) to hold revolutionary opinions: novis rebus studere