núi lửa

Vietnamese

Etymology

núi (“mountain”) +‎ lửa (“fire”), calque of Chinese 火焰山 (hoả diệm/diễm sơn).

Texts from the early 20th-century show very limited attestation of hoả sơn 火山 (huǒshān), the usual term for "volcano" in Chinese and other Sino-Xenic languages, much more common in Vietnamese was hoả diệm sơn, attested in Đại Nam Quấc âm tự vị (1895) and hoả diễm sơn, attested in Cách trí giáo khoa thư (latter half of the 1920s); in both instances núi lửa is also attested in the vicinity. See also Satō (2015).[1]

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [nuj˧˦ lɨə˧˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [nuj˨˩˦ lɨə˧˨]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [nuj˦˥ lɨə˨˩˦]

núi lửa

Noun

(classifier ngọn, quả, trái) núi lửa

volcano (mountain containing a magma chamber)
Synonyms: hoả diệm sơn, hoả diễm sơn
- 1887, Trương Vĩnh Ký, Vocabulaire annamite-français:
  Volcan … Núi lửa ; hỏa diệm sơn.
  Volcano … Núi lửa ; hỏa diệm sơn.

References

Satō, Shōta 佐藤, 章太 (2015), ベトナム語母語話者における漢語由来語彙と固有語彙の区別 (The Distinction between Sino-Vietnamese and Indigenous Vietnamese Words in Vietnamese Native Speakers’ Judgment)

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[1] Satō, Shōta 佐藤, 章太 (2015), ベトナム語母語話者における漢語由来語彙と固有語彙の区別 (The Distinction between Sino-Vietnamese and Indigenous Vietnamese Words in Vietnamese Native Speakers’ Judgment)