marihuana
English
Noun
marihuana (usually uncountable, plural marihuanas)
- Alternative spelling of marijuana
- 2011, Vera Rubin, Cannabis and Culture, page 510:
- In Canada, marihuana cigarettes rarely contain any tobacco, and may vary in size from a few hundred milligrams up to a several gram "bomber."
Czech
Declension
Finnish
Alternative forms
- marijuana (rare)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmɑrihuɑnɑ/, [ˈmɑ̝riˌhuɑ̝nɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -uɑnɑ
- Syllabification(key): ma‧ri‧hu‧a‧na
Declension
| Inflection of marihuana (Kotus type 11/omena, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | marihuana | marihuanat | ||
| genitive | marihuanan | marihuanien marihuanoiden marihuanoitten | ||
| partitive | marihuanaa | marihuania marihuanoita | ||
| illative | marihuanaan | marihuaniin marihuanoihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | marihuana | marihuanat | ||
| accusative | nom. | marihuana | marihuanat | |
| gen. | marihuanan | |||
| genitive | marihuanan | marihuanien marihuanoiden marihuanoitten marihuanojenrare marihuanainrare | ||
| partitive | marihuanaa | marihuania marihuanoita marihuanojarare | ||
| inessive | marihuanassa | marihuanoissa marihuanissa | ||
| elative | marihuanasta | marihuanoista marihuanista | ||
| illative | marihuanaan | marihuaniin marihuanoihin | ||
| adessive | marihuanalla | marihuanoilla marihuanilla | ||
| ablative | marihuanalta | marihuanoilta marihuanilta | ||
| allative | marihuanalle | marihuanoille marihuanille | ||
| essive | marihuanana | marihuanoina marihuanina | ||
| translative | marihuanaksi | marihuanoiksi marihuaniksi | ||
| abessive | marihuanatta | marihuanoitta marihuanitta | ||
| instructive | — | marihuanoin marihuanin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of marihuana (Kotus type 11/omena, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
Further reading
- “marihuana”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
French
Further reading
- “marihuana”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Lithuanian
Marihuanos pumpurai - Marijuana buds
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mɐrʲɪɣʊɐˈnɐ]
Declension
| nominative | marihuana |
|---|---|
| genitive | marihuanos |
| dative | marihuanai |
| accusative | marihuaną |
| instrumental | marihuana |
| locative | marihuanoje |
| vocative | marihuana |
See also
- hašišas
- kanapė
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ma.ri.xuˈa.na/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ana
- Syllabification: ma‧ri‧hu‧a‧na
Declension
Derived terms
adjective
- marihuanowy
nouns
- marihuanista
- marihuanistka
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /marixuǎna/
- Hyphenation: ma‧ri‧hu‧a‧na
Spanish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /maɾiˈwana/ [ma.ɾiˈwa.na]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -ana
- Syllabification: ma‧ri‧hua‧na
Etymology 1
First attested in 1894 of uncertain origin. Alteration by influence of the proper name María Juana (“Mary Jane”) is believed to be folk etymology. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word may come from Classical Nahuatl mallihuan (“prisoner”), however, linguist Jason D. Haugen finds no semantic basis for an etymological connection, suggesting that the phonetic similarity may be "a case of accidental homophony".[1] Another theory derives it from Chinese 麻仁花 (má rén huā, “hemp seed flower”), possibly itself originating as a loan from an earlier Semitic root *mrj, meaning "hemp".[2]
Descendants
- → Afrikaans: marijuana
- → Albanian: marihuana
- → Arabic: مَارِيجْوَانَا (mārījwānā)
- → Armenian: մարիխուանա (marixuana)
- → Azerbaijani: marixuana
- → Belarusian: марыхуана (maryxuana)
- → Bulgarian: марихуана (marihuana)
- → Catalan: marihuana
- → Czech: marihuana
- → Dutch: marihuana
- → English: marijuana, marihuana
- → Italian: marijuana
- → Esperanto: mariĥuano
- → Estonian: marihuaana
- → Finnish: marihuana, marijuana
- → French: marijuana
- → Galician: marihuana
- → Georgian: მარიხუანა (marixuana)
- → German: Marihuana
- → Greek: μαριχουάνα (marichouána)
- → Hebrew: מָרִיחוּאָנָה
- → Hindi: मारिजुआना (mārijuānā)
- → Hungarian: marihuána
- → Japanese: マリファナ (marifana), マリワナ (mariwana)
- → Kazakh: марихуана (marixuana)
- → Korean: 마리화나 (marihwana)
- → Kyrgyz: марихуана (marihuana)
- → Latvian: marihuāna
- → Lithuanian: marihuana
- → Macedonian: марихуана (marihuana)
- → Maltese: marijuana
- → Persian: ماریجوانا (mâri-juânâ), ماریجوانا (mârijuânâ)
- → Polish: marihuana
- → Romanian: marijuana
- → Russian: марихуана (marixuana)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- : Cyrillic script: марихуана
- : Latin script: marihuana
- → Slovak: marihuana
- → Slovene: marihuana
- → Swedish: marijuana
- → Tagalog: marihuwana
- → Ukrainian: марихуана (maryxuana)
- → Uzbek: marixuana
- → Yiddish: מעראַוואַנאַ (meravana)
Further reading
- “marihuana”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
References
- Haugen, Jason D. (2023 April 3 (last accessed)) “Borrowed Borrowings: Nahuatl Loan Words in English”, in Lexis: e-Journal in English Lexicology, volume 3, →ISSN, archived from the original on October 1, 2011, pages 63–106
- Weston La Barre, (1980) "History and Ethnography of Cannabis", in Culture in Context, Selected writings. Durham NC: Duke University Press
Anagrams
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