marad
See also: maräd
Hungarian
Etymology
Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *mᴕrɜ- (“to restrain”) [1] + -ad (frequentative suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmɒrɒd]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ma‧rad
- Rhymes: -ɒd
Verb
marad
- (intransitive) to stay, remain (to remain in a particular place; to stay behind while others withdraw; to be left after others have been removed; to be left after a number or quantity has been subtracted or cut off; to be left as not included or comprised)
- (intransitive, copulative) to remain (to continue unchanged in place, form, or condition, or undiminished in quantity; to continue in a state of being)
Conjugation
conjugation of marad
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | maradok | maradsz | marad | maradunk | maradtok | maradnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | maradtam | maradtál | maradt | maradtunk | maradtatok | maradtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. maradni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | maradék | maradál | marada | maradánk | maradátok | maradának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. marad vala, maradt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | maradandok | maradandasz | maradand | maradandunk | maradandotok | maradandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | maradnék | maradnál | maradna | maradnánk | maradnátok | maradnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. maradt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | maradjak | maradj or maradjál |
maradjon | maradjunk | maradjatok | maradjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. maradt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | maradni | maradnom | maradnod | maradnia | maradnunk | maradnotok | maradniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| maradás | maradó | maradt | maradandó | maradva (maradván) | |||||
potential conjugation of marad
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | maradhatok | maradhatsz | maradhat | maradhatunk | maradhattok | maradhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | maradhattam | maradhattál | maradhatott | maradhattunk | maradhattatok | maradhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | maradhaték | maradhatál | maradhata | maradhatánk | maradhatátok | maradhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. maradhat vala, maradhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | maradhatandok or maradandhatok |
maradhatandasz or maradandhatsz |
maradhatand or maradandhat |
maradhatandunk or maradandhatunk |
maradhatandotok or maradandhattok |
maradhatandanak or maradandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | maradhatnék | maradhatnál | maradhatna | maradhatnánk | maradhatnátok | maradhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. maradhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | maradhassak | maradhass or maradhassál |
maradhasson | maradhassunk | maradhassatok | maradhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. maradhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (maradhatni) | (maradhatnom) | (maradhatnod) | (maradhatnia) | (maradhatnunk) | (maradhatnotok) | (maradhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (maradhatva / maradhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
Related terms
References
- Entry #575 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- marad in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- marad in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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