kravuta
Ingrian
Etymology
Sound-symbolic.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkrɑʋutɑ/, [ˈkrɑʋut]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkrɑʋutɑ/, [ˈkrɑʋud̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑʋut, -ɑʋutɑ
- Hyphenation: kra‧vu‧ta
Conjugation
Conjugation of kravuta (type 16/maata, p-v gradation, gemination) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | krappuun | en krappuu | 1st singular | oon kravunt, oon kravunnut | en oo kravunt, en oo kravunnut |
2nd singular | krappuut | et krappuu | 2nd singular | oot kravunt, oot kravunnut | et oo kravunt, et oo kravunnut |
3rd singular | krapujaa | ei krappuu | 3rd singular | ono kravunt, ono kravunnut | ei oo kravunt, ei oo kravunnut |
1st plural | krappuumma | emmä krappuu | 1st plural | oomma kravunneet | emmä oo kravunneet |
2nd plural | krappuutta | että krappuu | 2nd plural | ootta kravunneet | että oo kravunneet |
3rd plural | krapujaat1), krappuuvat2), kravutaa | evät krappuu, ei kravuta | 3rd plural | ovat kravunneet | evät oo kravunneet, ei oo kravuttu |
impersonal | kravutaa | ei kravuta | impersonal | ono kravuttu | ei oo kravuttu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | krapuisin | en kravunt, en kravunnut | 1st singular | olin kravunt, olin kravunnut | en olt kravunt, en olt kravunnut |
2nd singular | krapuisit, krappuist1) | et kravunt, et kravunnut | 2nd singular | olit kravunt, olit kravunnut | et olt kravunt, et olt kravunnut |
3rd singular | krapuis | ei kravunt, ei kravunnut | 3rd singular | oli kravunt, oli kravunnut | ei olt kravunt, ei olt kravunnut |
1st plural | krapuisimma | emmä kravunneet | 1st plural | olimma kravunneet | emmä olleet kravunneet |
2nd plural | krapuisitta | että kravunneet | 2nd plural | olitta kravunneet | että olleet kravunneet |
3rd plural | krapuisiit1), krapuisivat2), kravuttii | evät kravunneet, ei kravuttu | 3rd plural | olivat kravunneet | evät olleet kravunneet, ei olt kravuttu |
impersonal | kravuttii | ei kravuttu | impersonal | oli kravuttu | ei olt kravuttu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | krapujaisin | en krapujais | 1st singular | olisin kravunt, olisin kravunnut | en olis kravunt, en olis kravunnut |
2nd singular | krapujaisit, krapujaist1) | et krapujais | 2nd singular | olisit kravunt, olisit kravunnut | et olis kravunt, et olis kravunnut |
3rd singular | krapujais | ei krapujais | 3rd singular | olis kravunt, olis kravunnut | ei olis kravunt, ei olis kravunnut |
1st plural | krapujaisimma | emmä krapujais | 1st plural | olisimma kravunneet | emmä olis kravunneet |
2nd plural | krapujaisitta | että krapujais | 2nd plural | olisitta kravunneet | että olis kravunneet |
3rd plural | krapujaisiit1), krapujaisivat2), kravuttais | evät krapujais, ei kravuttais | 3rd plural | olisivat kravunneet | evät olis kravunneet, ei olis kravuttu |
impersonal | kravuttais | ei kravuttais | impersonal | olis kravuttu | ei olis kravuttu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | krappuu | elä krappuu | 2nd singular | oo kravunt, oo kravunnut | elä oo kravunt, elä oo kravunnut |
3rd singular | kravutkoo | elköö kravutko | 3rd singular | olkoo kravunt, olkoo kravunnut | elköö olko kravunt, elköö olko kravunnut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | kravutkaa | elkää kravutko | 2nd plural | olkaa kravunneet | elkää olko kravunneet |
3rd plural | kravutkoot | elkööt kravutko, elköö kravuttako | 3rd plural | olkoot kravunneet | elkööt olko kravunneet, elköö olko kravuttu |
impersonal | kravuttakkoo | elköö kravuttako | impersonal | olkoo kravuttu | elköö olko kravuttu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | kravunnen | en kravunne | |||
2nd singular | kravunnet | et kravunne | |||
3rd singular | kravunnoo | ei kravunne | |||
1st plural | kravunnemma | emmä kravunne | |||
2nd plural | kravunnetta | että kravunne | |||
3rd plural | kravunnoot | evät kravunne, ei kravuttane | |||
impersonal | kravuttannoo | ei kravuttane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | kravuta | present | krappuuva | kravuttava | |
2nd | inessive | kravutees | past | kravunt, kravunnut | kravuttu |
instructive | kravuten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kravutkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | krappuumaa | |||
inessive | krappuumaas | ||||
elative | krappuumast | ||||
abessive | krappuumata | ||||
4th | nominative | krappuumiin | |||
partitive | krappuumista, krappuumist |
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 205
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