keres
Cornish
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *kėres (perhaps from a late Proto-Celtic *keresyā) borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Late Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”). Compare Welsh ceirios, Breton kerez.
Hungarian
Etymology
From the same Proto-Finno-Ugric *kerä (“round, turning; to turn, twist”) stem as kerek, kerít, kerül + -s (frequentative verb-forming suffix). For the -s suffix, compare olvas (“to read”). Cognates include Finnish kierä (“twisted”), kiero (“twisted”).[1][2] For the change of meaning, compare kerget (“to chase, pursue”, possibly related) and Latin ambīre (“to go round; solicit, strive”) and circāre (“to go about, traverse, wander”) → Italian cercare (“to look for”).[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɛrɛʃ]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ke‧res
- Rhymes: -ɛʃ
Verb
keres
Conjugation
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | keresek | keresel | keres | keresünk | kerestek | keresnek | |
Def. | keresem | keresed | keresi | keressük | keresitek | keresik | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereslek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | kerestem | kerestél | keresett | kerestünk | kerestetek | kerestek | ||
Def. | kerestem | kerested | kereste | kerestük | kerestétek | keresték | |||
2nd-p. o. | kerestelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. keresni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | keresék | keresél | kerese | keresénk | keresétek | keresének | ||
Def. | keresém | kereséd | keresé | keresénk | keresétek | keresék | |||
2nd-p. o. | keresélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. keres vala, keresett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | keresendek | keresendesz | keresend | keresendünk | keresendetek | keresendenek | ||
Def. | keresendem | keresended | keresendi | keresendjük | keresenditek | keresendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | keresendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | keresnék | keresnél | keresne | keresnénk | keresnétek | keresnének | |
Def. | keresném | keresnéd | keresné | keresnénk (or keresnők) |
keresnétek | keresnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | keresnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. keresett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | keressek | keress or keressél |
keressen | keressünk | keressetek | keressenek | |
Def. | keressem | keresd or keressed |
keresse | keressük | keressétek | keressék | |||
2nd-p. o. | keresselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. keresett légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | keresni | keresnem | keresned | keresnie | keresnünk | keresnetek | keresniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
keresés | kereső | keresett | keresendő | keresve (keresvén) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kereshetek | kereshetsz | kereshet | kereshetünk | kereshettek | kereshetnek | |
Def. | kereshetem | keresheted | keresheti | kereshetjük | kereshetitek | kereshetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereshetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | kereshettem | kereshettél | kereshetett | kereshettünk | kereshettetek | kereshettek | ||
Def. | kereshettem | kereshetted | kereshette | kereshettük | kereshettétek | kereshették | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereshettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | keresheték | kereshetél | kereshete | keresheténk | kereshetétek | kereshetének | ||
Def. | kereshetém | kereshetéd | keresheté | keresheténk | kereshetétek | keresheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereshetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kereshet vala, kereshetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kereshetendek or keresandhatok |
kereshetendesz or keresandhatsz |
kereshetend or keresandhat |
kereshetendünk or keresandhatunk |
kereshetendetek or keresandhattok |
kereshetendenek or keresandhatnak | ||
Def. | kereshetendem or keresandhatom |
kereshetended or keresandhatod |
kereshetendi or keresandhatja |
kereshetendjük or keresandhatjuk |
kereshetenditek or keresandhatjátok |
kereshetendik or keresandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereshetendelek or keresandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kereshetnék | kereshetnél | kereshetne | kereshetnénk | kereshetnétek | kereshetnének | |
Def. | kereshetném | kereshetnéd | kereshetné | kereshetnénk (or kereshetnők) |
kereshetnétek | kereshetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereshetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kereshetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kereshessek | kereshess or kereshessél |
kereshessen | kereshessünk | kereshessetek | kereshessenek | |
Def. | kereshessem | kereshesd or kereshessed |
kereshesse | kereshessük | kereshessétek | kereshessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kereshesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kereshetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (kereshetni) | (kereshetnem) | (kereshetned) | (kereshetnie) | (kereshetnünk) | (kereshetnetek) | (kereshetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | kereshető | Neg. adj. | kereshetetlen | Adv. part. | (kereshetve / kereshetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
References
- Entry #286 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- keres in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- keres in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary). Language abbreviations
Further reading
- keres in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN