jul
Afrikaans
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
See also
Afrikaans personal pronouns
subjective | objective | possessive determiner | possessive pronoun | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st | ek | my | myne | ||
2nd | jy | jou | joune | |||
2nd, formal | u | u s’n | ||||
3rd, masc | hy | hom | sy | syne | ||
3rd, fem | sy | haar | hare | |||
3rd, neut | dit | sy | syne | |||
plural | 1st | ons | ons s’n | |||
2nd | julle / jul1 | julle s’n | ||||
3rd | hulle / hul1 | hulle s’n | ||||
1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence. |
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse jól, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, *jeulō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈjuˀl]
- Homophone: hjul
Noun
jul c (singular definite julen, plural indefinite jule)
- (Christianity) Christmas (the time around 25 December)
Inflection
Derived terms
Terms derived from "jul"
- Juleøen
- jule (verb)
- juleaften c
- juleassistance c
- julebuk c
- juledag c
- juleevangelium n
- julefrokost c
- julegave c
- julekalender c
- juleleg c
- julemand c
- julemærke n
- julenisse c
- julepynt c
- juleri n
- julerose c
- julesalat c
- julestads c
- julestemning c
- juletræ n
- juletræsfod c
Descendants
Norwegian Bokmål
Derived terms
- god jul
- julaften
- juledag (første ..., andre ... etc.)
- julegave
- julehilsen
- julehymne
- julekort
- julelys
- julemat
- julemiddag
- julenisse
- julepresang
- julesang
- julestemning
- julestjerne
- julestrømpe
- juletid
- juletre
- juletrefot
- lillejulaften
- romjul
References
- “jul” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
As a written form borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål jul, from Danish jul, from Old East Norse iūl. Also through the spoken language as an earlier East Nordic loan. Cognate with Old West Norse jól, compare jol. Akin to English Yule.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jʉːl/
- Homophone: hjul
Noun
jul f (definite singular jula, indefinite plural juler, definite plural julene)
- Synonym of jol (“Christmas; Yule”)
References
- “jul” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Serbo-Croatian
Declension
See also
- (Gregorian calendar months) m(j)eseci gregorijanskog kalendara; januar/siječanj, februar/veljača, mart/ožujak, april/travanj, maj/svibanj, jun/juni/lipanj, jul/juli/srpanj, avgust/august/kolovoz, septembar/rujan, oktobar/listopad, novembar/studeni, decembar/prosinac (Category: sh:Gregorian calendar months)
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jʉːl/
audio (file) - Homophone: hjul
- Rhymes: -ʉːl
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish iūl, from Old Norse jól, from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą. First attested in the late 13th century.[1]
Cognate with English Yule, Danish jul, Estonian jõulud, Finnish joulu, Faroese jól, Icelandic jól, Norwegian jul, and Scots Yule.
Noun
jul c
- Christmas, Yule
- 1877, August Strindberg, Från Fjerdingen och Svartbäcken, page 8:
- Fjorton dagar före Jul friade pastorn till den blonda och fick nej!
- Fourteen days before Christmas, the pastor proposed to the blonde and got a no!
- 1946, “Mössens julafton (När nätterna blir långa) [The mice's Christmas Eve (When the nights get long)]”, Ulf Peder Olrog (lyrics), Alf Prøysen (music):
- När nätterna blir långa och kölden sätter in, tar mamma mus och samlar hela barnaskaran sin. Hon visar sen på fällan: "Akta er för den, så får vi allesammans fira jul igen." Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]! Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]!
- When the nights get long and the cold sets in, then mother mouse goes and gathers her whole group of children. She then points [directs, more generally] to the trap: "Beware of that one, and we will all get to celebrate Christmas again." Hidy howdy, fallerallera [expression of exhilaration, often in song], when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy! Hidy howdy, fallerallera, when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy!
- 2023 December 11, Magnus Liljesköld, “Fortsatt ökad spridning av trippelsmittan väntas i jul [Continued increased spread of the triple infection is expected during Christmas.]”, in Sveriges Radio:
- ”Vi måste ju till exempel träffas i jul, det är ju en del av livet och det är viktigt för vårt välbefinnande att vi får träffa varandra, bara vi tänker på att inte smitta någon som är sårbar”, säger han [statsepidemiologen].
- "We must, for example, meet during Christmas; it's a part of life and crucial for our well-being that we get to meet each other. We just need to be mindful not to infect anyone who is vulnerable," he [the state epidemiologist] says.
Declension
Declension of jul | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | jul | julen | jular | jularna |
Genitive | juls | julens | julars | jularnas |
Derived terms
- god jul (“merry Christmas”)
- i julas (“last Christmas”)
- julafton (“Christmas Eve”)
- julbelysning (“Christmas lights”)
- julbock (“Yule goat”)
- julbord (“Christmas smorgasbord”) (see there for dishes)
- juleljus (“Christmas candle”)
- juletid (“Christmas time”)
- julgran (“Christmas tree”)
- julgröt (“rice pudding”)
- julklapp (“Christmas present”)
- julklappsrim (“Christmas present rhyme”)
- julklappsutdelning (“handing out of Christmas presents”)
- julotta (“Christmas Day matins”)
- julpynt (“Christmas decorations”)
- julpynta (“decorate for Christmas”)
- julmust (“Christmas must (soft drink)”)
- julstuga
- julstämning (“Christmas mood”)
- jultomte (“Santa Claus”)
- julöl (“Christmas beer”)
See also
- Kalle Anka (“a Christmas TV special broadcast every Christmas Eve”)
- bjällerklang (“sound of jingle bells”)
- dopparedagen (“Dipping day; syn. of Christmas Eve”)
- glögg (“glogg”)
- pepparkakshus (“gingerbread house”)
- uppesittarkväll (“pre-Christmas special broadcast on December 23”)
References
Volapük
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃul/
Declension
Hyponyms
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