hrad
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech hrad, from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɦrat]
- Hyphenation: hrad
- Rhymes: -at
Noun
hrad m inan (diminutive hrádek or hrádeček) (hrádek is a single diminutive and hrádeček is a double diminutive)
Usage notes
- The word hrad is used for castles whose main function seems to be defence, while zámek is used for those whose main function seems to be ostentation. For example, the castles of King Edward in Gwynedd are hrady, while the Loire Valley castles are zámky. The difference can be subjective, so that for example Windsor Castle can be called by either term by different speakers.
Declension
Derived terms
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ.
Declension
Declension of hrad (hard o-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | hrad | hrady | hradi, hradové |
genitive | hrada, hradu | hradú | hradóv |
dative | hradu | hradoma | hradóm |
accusative | hrad | hrady | hrady |
vocative | hrade | hrady | hradi, hradové |
locative | hradě, hradu | hradú | hradiech |
instrumental | hradem | hradoma | hrady |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Descendants
- Czech: hrad
Further reading
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “hrad”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Slovak
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɦrat]
Noun
hrad m inan (genitive singular hradu, nominative plural hrady, genitive plural hradov, declension pattern of dub, diminutive hrádok)
Declension
Derived terms
- hradba f
- hradný
- hrádok m
- hradový
- hradovitý
- hradisko n
- hradište n
References
- “hrad”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
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