hardir
Interlingua
Old French
Etymology
From Frankish *hardijan, from Proto-Germanic *hardijaną, derived from *harduz (“hard; brave”). Cognate with German härten (“to make hard”). Related with English hard.
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | hardir | avoir hardi | |||||
gerund | en hardissant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | hardissant | ||||||
past participle | hardi | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | hardis | hardis | hardist | hardissons | hardissez | hardissent |
imperfect | hardissoie, hardisseie | hardissoies, hardisseies | hardissoit, hardisseit | hardissiiens, hardissiens | hardissiiez, hardissiez | hardissoient, hardisseient | |
preterite | hardi | hardis | hardi | hardimes | hardistes | hardirent | |
future | hardirai | hardiras | hardira | hardirons | hardiroiz, hardireiz, hardirez | hardiront | |
conditional | hardiroie, hardireie | hardiroies, hardireies | hardiroit, hardireit | hardiriiens, hardiriens | hardiriiez, hardiriez | hardiroient, hardireient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | hardisse | hardisses | hardisse | hardissons | hardissez | hardissent |
imperfect | hardisse | hardisses | hardist | hardissons, hardissiens | hardissoiz, hardissez, hardissiez | hardissent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | hardis | — | hardissons | hardissez | — |
Related terms
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (hardir)
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