gwaith

Welsh

Etymology

Doublets; from Middle Welsh gweith, from Proto-Brythonic *gweiθ, from Proto-Celtic *wextā (“time, course, turn”) (compare Cornish gweyth, Breton gwezh, Old Irish fecht (“journey; time, occasion”), Irish feacht (“journey; time, occasion”)), feminine past participle of Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to carry, drive”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡwai̯θ/
  • Homophone: gwaeth (“worse”) (South Wales)
  • Rhymes: -aːi̯θ

Noun

gwaith m (plural gweithiau or gweithoedd or gweithydd or gweithion)

  1. work, labour, act, deed, task, job; aid
    Mae llawer o waith i'w gael yng Nghaerdydd.
    There's lots of work to be had in Cardiff.
  2. something that is or was done deliberately, product of a physical or mental effort (e.g. building, literary or musical composition, needlework), composition, construction, formation (often left untranslated in English)
    gwaith cwrs ― coursework
    gwaith gwnïo ― sewing
    gwaith marcio ― (teacher's) marking
  3. craftsmanship, workmanship, ornamentation, art, execution
    gwaith saer ― carpentry
  4. fortification, earthwork, fort
  5. a working place, works, factory, manufactory; mine
    mynd i'r gwaith ― to go to work
    gwaith dur ― steelworks
  6. (especially South Wales, in the plural) industrial district
  7. shape, form, fashion, look, appearance, manner, mode
  8. (physics) work
    Pan fo grym 1 newton yn symud pellter o 1 metr, cynhyrchir 1 joule o waith.
    When 1 newton of force moves [an object] a distance of 1 metre, 1 joule of work is generated.

Derived terms
  • amgylchedd gwaith (“work environment”)
  • amodau gwaith (“working conditions”)
  • anaf yn y gwaith (“work injury”)
  • arferion gwaith (“work habits”)
  • arwyneb gwaith (“work surface”)
  • baich gwaith (“workload”)
  • bwrdd gwaith (“desktop”)
  • bywyd gwaith (“work life”)
  • canolfan gwaith (“jon centre”)
  • ceisiwr gwaith (“jobseeker”)
  • colli gwaith (“redundancy”)
  • cynllun gwaith (“work plan”)
  • deuparth gwaith ei ddechrau (“half the work is getting started”)
  • diwrnod gwaith (“work day, business day”)
  • gwaith â llaw (“manual work”)
  • gwaith achos (“casework”)
  • gwaith adeiladu (“construction”)
  • gwaith adfer (“remedial work”)
  • gwaith am dâl (“renumerative work”)
  • gwaith amaethyddol (“agricultural work”)
  • gwaith asiedydd (“joinery”)
  • gwaith aur (“gold mine”)
  • gwaith basged (“basketry”)
  • gwaith blaen nodwydd (“needlepoint”)
  • gwaith brics (“brickworks”)
  • gwaith brig (“open-cast mine”)
  • gwaith bydwraig (“midwifery”)
  • gwaith caib a rhaw (“manual labour, dirty work”)
  • gwaith caled (“hard work”)
  • gwaith carreg (“stonework”)
  • gwaith cartref (“homework, assignment”)
  • gwaith carthion (“sewage works”)
  • gwaith celf (“artwork”)
  • gwaith cemegol (“chemical works”)
  • gwaith coed (“woodwork”)
  • gwaith criw (“gang work”)
  • gwaith crosio (“crochet (work)”)
  • gwaith cwrs (“coursework”)
  • gwaith cymdeithasol (“social work”)
  • gwaith cymuned (“community work”)
  • gwaith di-dâl (“unpaid work”)
  • gwaith diwrnod (“a day's work; a day's journey”)
  • gwaith dros dro (“temporary work”)
  • gwaith dur (“steelworks”)
  • gwaith dŵr (“waterworks”)
  • gwaith estyn allan (“outreach work”)
  • gwaith ffelt (“feltwork”)
  • gwaith glo (“coalmine, colliery”)
  • gwaith gof (“forgework”)
  • gwaith grŵp (“groupwork”)
  • gwaith gwiail (“canework”)
  • gwaith gwirfoddol (“voluntary work”)
  • gwaith gwydr (“glass works”)
  • gwaith haearn (“ironworks”)
  • gwaith ieuenctid (“youthwork”)
  • gwaith llaw (“handiwork, handicraft”)
  • gwaith maen (“masonry”)
  • gwaith maes (“fieldwork”)
  • gwaith marcio (“marking”)
  • gwaith metel (“metalwork”)
  • gwaith o dan gontract (“contractual work”)
  • gwaith oddi ar y safle (“offsite work”)
  • gwaith oes (“life's work”)
  • gwaith prawf (“probation work”)
  • gwaith pwdlo (“bloomery”)
  • gwaith raffia (“raffia work”)
  • gwaith rhan-amser (“part-time work”)
  • gwaith saer (“carpentry”)
  • gwaith teils (“tilery”)
  • gwaith tîm (“teamwork”)
  • gwaith toddi (“smeltery, smelting works”)
  • gwaith trin carthion (“sewage treatmant works”)
  • gwaith trin dŵr (“water treatmant works”)
  • gwaith trin gwastraff (“waste treatmant works”)
  • gwaith turn (“lathework”)
  • gwaith tŷ (“housework, chores”)
  • gwaith ymchwilio (“investivigative work”)
  • gwaith ysgrifenedig (“written work”)
  • gweithdy (“workshop”)
  • gweithfan (“work station”)
  • gweithgar (“hardworking”)
  • gweithio (“to work”)
  • gweithred (“action”)
  • lleoliad gwaith (“work placement”)
  • llyfr gwaith (“workbook”)
  • oriau gwaith (“working hours”)
  • patrwm gwaith (“work pattern”)
  • profiad gwaith (“work experience”)
  • Sul, gŵyl a gwaith (“every day of the week”)
  • telerau gwaith (“working terms”)
  • yn y gwaith (“at work; work-based”)

Noun

gwaith f (plural gweithiau)

  1. time (with cardinal numbers, 'how many times', etc.), occasion, course, turn
    Synonyms: amser, tro
    Rydyn ni wedi gwylio'r ffilm 'ma dwywaith
    We've watched this film two times
  2. journey, course, migration
  3. (military) battle, combat, action

Derived terms

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
gwaith waith ngwaith unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwaith”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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