grw

See also: GRW

Egyptian
FWOTD – 29 August 2019

Etymology 1

From gr (“to be still, to be silent”) +‎ -w.

Pronunciation

Noun
g
r		 wA2

 m

  1. one who is silent, one who doesn’t talk [Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom]
  2. a calm, dispassionate, and self-effacing person, seen as wisely living according to Maat (virtue/truth/cosmic order) [Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom]
    • c. 1928–1924 BCE, Stele of Wepwawetaa (Leiden V4/AP 63), lines 9–10:
      nw
      k      		 g
      r      		 wA2mmsr
      A21      		 Z3[[…]]ssbq
      Y1
      n      		 swt
      n
      A301A
      xntn
      t
      tA
      tA      		 mH
      ib Z1      		 Y1
      f      		 xntn
      t
      r      		 x
      G24      		 A1Z2ss
      t
      f
      jnk grw mm srw […] ssbq.n nswt ḫnt tꜣwj mḥ-jb.f ḫnt rḫwt.f
      I was a silent/dispassionate one among the officials, […] whom the king honored in front of the Two Lands (Egypt), his confidant at the fore of his subjects
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.1–1.2:
      wnn
      O31      		 aXn
      n      		 S28ngrwA2A1
      wz
      x      		 W10Y1sttprn
      t      		 hrY1A1mmddwwA2
      wn ẖn n grw wsḫ st nt hr m mdww
      The tent is open to the quiet man; the place of the man calm in speech is broad.[1]
Usage notes

In the second sense, this word is often followed by epithets such as mꜣꜥ (“just, true”).

Inflection
Declension of grw (masculine)
singular grw
dual grwwj
plural grww
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of grw  
g
r		 A2
g
r		 wA2A1
g
r		 A2A1
gr grw gr
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “calm and self-effacing person”): wḫꜣ

Etymology 2

Compare the (mostly Old Egyptian) enclitic particle gr.

Pronunciation

Adverb
g
r		 w
  1. also, furthermore
  2. any more
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of grw  
g
r
ig
r
g
r		 A2
g
r		 Y1V
gr jgr gr gr
[Pyramid Texts]
most common form occasionally
Descendants
  • Coptic: ϭⲉ (ce)

References
  • “gr.w (lemma ID 167800)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • “gr (lemma ID 167740)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 179.3–179.8, 180.9–180.11
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 290
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 94, 263.
  1. Alternatively, taking
    m
    as imperative (j)m: ‘…the place of the calm man is broad. Don’t speak!’ The first clause can also be interpreted in two different ways. If
    n
    represents the preposition n, then ‘The tent is open to the quiet man’; but if it represents the genitival adjective n(j), then ‘The tent of the quiet man is open’. The first interpretation is more appealing semantically, but the second is favored by parallelism with the following clause.
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