gaster
English
Etymology
Borrowing from Ancient Greek γᾰστήρ (gastḗr, “paunch, belly”).
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɡæ.stɚ/
- Rhymes: -æstə(ɹ)
Noun
gaster (plural gasters)
- (anatomy, rare) The stomach.
- (zootomy, entomology) The enlarged part of the abdomen behind the petiole in hymenopterous insects (such as ants).
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- “gaster”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Latin
Etymology
Borrowing from Ancient Greek γᾰστήρ (gastḗr, “paunch, belly”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡas.ter/, [ˈɡäs̠t̪ɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɡas.ter/, [ˈɡäst̪er]
Noun
gaster f (variously declined, genitive gasteris or gastrī); third declension, second declension
Inflection
Third-declension noun or second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- “gaster”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- gaster in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French, from Latin vastāre, present active infinitive of vastō. The initial g is under the influence of Frankish *wuostjan, *wuastjan, itself from Latin vastō or from the same pre-Latin source.
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | simple | gaster | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | gastant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | gasté | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | gaste | gastes | gaste | gastons | gastez | gastent |
imperfect | gastois, gastoys | gastois, gastoys | gastoit, gastoyt | gastions, gastyons | gastiez, gastyez | gastoient, gastoyent | |
past historic | gasta | gastas | gasta | gastasmes | gastastes | gasterent | |
future | gasterai, gasteray | gasteras | gastera | gasterons | gasterez | gasteront | |
conditional | gasterois, gasteroys | gasterois, gasteroys | gasteroit, gasteroyt | gasterions, gasteryons | gasteriez, gasteryez | gasteroient, gasteroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | gaste | gastes | gaste | gastons | gastez | gastent |
imperfect | gastasse | gastasses | gastast | gastassions | gastassiez | gastassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | gaste | — | gastons | gastez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Synonyms
- (to destroy): destruire
Descendants
- French: gâter
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin vastāre, derived from vāstus (“waste, desert”). The initial g(u) is under the influence of synonymous Frankish *wōstijan, itself from *wōstī, a cognate of Latin vāstus through Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂stos.
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-sts, *-stt are modified to z, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gaster | avoir gasté | |||||
gerund | en gastant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | gastant | ||||||
past participle | gasté | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | gast | gastes | gaste | gastons | gastez | gastent |
imperfect | gastoie, gasteie, gastoe, gasteve | gastoies, gasteies, gastoes, gasteves | gastoit, gasteit, gastot, gasteve | gastiiens, gastiens | gastiiez, gastiez | gastoient, gasteient, gastoent, gastevent | |
preterite | gastai | gastas | gasta | gastames | gastastes | gasterent | |
future | gasterai | gasteras | gastera | gasterons | gasteroiz, gastereiz, gasterez | gasteront | |
conditional | gasteroie, gastereie | gasteroies, gastereies | gasteroit, gastereit | gasteriiens, gasteriens | gasteriiez, gasteriez | gasteroient, gastereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | gast | gaz | gast | gastons | gastez | gastent |
imperfect | gastasse | gastasses | gastast | gastissons, gastissiens | gastissoiz, gastissez, gastissiez | gastassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | gaste | — | gastons | gastez | — |
Synonyms
- (to destroy): destruire