frendo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrendʰ- (“to crush; gnash”). Cognate with Dutch grinden (“to grind, gnash, grin”), English grind.

Pronunciation

Verb

frendō (present infinitive frendere, perfect active frenduī, supine frēsum or fressum); third conjugation

  1. (intransitive, of teeth) to grind, gnash
  2. (transitive) to crush or grind to pieces
  3. (transitive) to lament over with rage, gnash the teeth

Conjugation
   Conjugation of frendō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present frendō frendis frendit frendimus frenditis frendunt
imperfect frendēbam frendēbās frendēbat frendēbāmus frendēbātis frendēbant
future frendam frendēs frendet frendēmus frendētis frendent
perfect frenduī frenduistī frenduit frenduimus frenduistis frenduērunt,
frenduēre
pluperfect frendueram frenduerās frenduerat frenduerāmus frenduerātis frenduerant
future perfect frenduerō frendueris frenduerit frenduerimus frendueritis frenduerint
passive present frendor frenderis,
frendere		 frenditur frendimur frendiminī frenduntur
imperfect frendēbar frendēbāris,
frendēbāre		 frendēbātur frendēbāmur frendēbāminī frendēbantur
future frendar frendēris,
frendēre		 frendētur frendēmur frendēminī frendentur
perfect frēsus or fressus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect frēsus or fressus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect frēsus or fressus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present frendam frendās frendat frendāmus frendātis frendant
imperfect frenderem frenderēs frenderet frenderēmus frenderētis frenderent
perfect frenduerim frenduerīs frenduerit frenduerīmus frenduerītis frenduerint
pluperfect frenduissem frenduissēs frenduisset frenduissēmus frenduissētis frenduissent
passive present frendar frendāris,
frendāre		 frendātur frendāmur frendāminī frendantur
imperfect frenderer frenderēris,
frenderēre		 frenderētur frenderēmur frenderēminī frenderentur
perfect frēsus or fressus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect frēsus or fressus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — frende — — frendite —
future — frenditō frenditō — frenditōte frenduntō
passive present — frendere — — frendiminī —
future — frenditor frenditor — — frenduntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives frendere frenduisse frēsūrum esse,
fressūrum esse		 frendī frēsum esse,
fressum esse		 frēsum īrī,
fressum īrī
participles frendēns — frēsūrus,
fressūrus		 — frēsus,
fressus		 frendendus,
frendundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
frendendī frendendō frendendum frendendō frēsum,
fressum		 frēsū,
fressū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Catalan: fresar, fresa (possibly)
  • Sicilian: frisari, fresa
  • Spanish: fresar, fresa (possibly)

References
  • “frendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “frendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • frendo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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