fodio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *foðjō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂- (“to pierce, dig”) (root possibly lacking e-grade).

Pronunciation

Verb

fodiō (present infinitive fodere, perfect active fōdī, supine fossum); third conjugation iō-variant

  1. (literal) to dig, dig up, dig out; to bury; to dig or clear out the earth from a place; to mine, quarry
    Synonym: effodiō
    ager frugifer, argentum etiam incolae fodiunt ― The soil is fertile, (and) inhabitants dig the silver also
  2. (transferred sense, Classical Latin) to prick, prod, pierce, thrust, jab, stab, wound
    Synonyms: trānsfīgō, peragō, fīgō, intrō, trāiciō, percutiō, cōnfodiō, trānsigō
  3. (figuratively) to goad, sting, disturb

Conjugation

Note that the present passive infinitive is sometimes written as fodirī instead of fodī.

   Conjugation of fodiō (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fodiō fodis fodit fodimus foditis fodiunt
imperfect fodiēbam fodiēbās fodiēbat fodiēbāmus fodiēbātis fodiēbant
future fodiam fodiēs fodiet fodiēmus fodiētis fodient
perfect fōdī fōdistī fōdit fōdimus fōdistis fōdērunt,
fōdēre
pluperfect fōderam fōderās fōderat fōderāmus fōderātis fōderant
future perfect fōderō fōderis fōderit fōderimus fōderitis fōderint
passive present fodior foderis,
fodere		 foditur fodimur fodiminī fodiuntur
imperfect fodiēbar fodiēbāris,
fodiēbāre		 fodiēbātur fodiēbāmur fodiēbāminī fodiēbantur
future fodiar fodiēris,
fodiēre		 fodiētur fodiēmur fodiēminī fodientur
perfect fossus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect fossus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect fossus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fodiam fodiās fodiat fodiāmus fodiātis fodiant
imperfect foderem foderēs foderet foderēmus foderētis foderent
perfect fōderim fōderīs fōderit fōderīmus fōderītis fōderint
pluperfect fōdissem fōdissēs fōdisset fōdissēmus fōdissētis fōdissent
passive present fodiar fodiāris,
fodiāre		 fodiātur fodiāmur fodiāminī fodiantur
imperfect foderer foderēris,
foderēre		 foderētur foderēmur foderēminī foderentur
perfect fossus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect fossus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — fode — — fodite —
future — foditō foditō — foditōte fodiuntō
passive present — fodere — — fodiminī —
future — foditor foditor — — fodiuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives fodere fōdisse fossūrum esse fodī fossum esse fossum īrī
participles fodiēns — fossūrus — fossus fodiendus,
fodiundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
fodiendī fodiendō fodiendum fodiendō fossum fossū

Derived terms

Descendants
Descendants of fodiō in other languages
  • French: fouir
  • Old Occitan: foire
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *fodiare

References
  • “fodio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “fodio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • fodio in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • fodio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • fodio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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