exstinguo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From ex- +‎ stinguō.

Pronunciation

Verb

exstinguō (present infinitive exstinguere, perfect active exstīnxī, supine exstīnctum); third conjugation

  1. to quench, extinguish, put out
  2. (figuratively) to destroy, kill, slay, abolish
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.682-683:
      “Exstīnxtī tē mēque, soror, populumque patrēsque
      Sīdoniōs urbemque tuam. [...]”
      “You have destroyed you and me both, sister, and the people, and the Sidonian fathers, and your city.”
      (Anna, grief-stricken, speaks in hyperbole to Dido. Syncopation: “exstīnxtī” for “exstīnx[is]tī.” “Populumque patrēsque” echoes the Roman phrase senatus populusque romanus.)

Conjugation
   Conjugation of exstinguō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present exstinguō exstinguis exstinguit exstinguimus exstinguitis exstinguunt
imperfect exstinguēbam exstinguēbās exstinguēbat exstinguēbāmus exstinguēbātis exstinguēbant
future exstinguam exstinguēs exstinguet exstinguēmus exstinguētis exstinguent
perfect exstīnxī exstīnxistī exstīnxit exstīnximus exstīnxistis exstīnxērunt,
exstīnxēre
pluperfect exstīnxeram exstīnxerās exstīnxerat exstīnxerāmus exstīnxerātis exstīnxerant
future perfect exstīnxerō exstīnxeris exstīnxerit exstīnxerimus exstīnxeritis exstīnxerint
passive present exstinguor exstingueris,
exstinguere		 exstinguitur exstinguimur exstinguiminī exstinguuntur
imperfect exstinguēbar exstinguēbāris,
exstinguēbāre		 exstinguēbātur exstinguēbāmur exstinguēbāminī exstinguēbantur
future exstinguar exstinguēris,
exstinguēre		 exstinguētur exstinguēmur exstinguēminī exstinguentur
perfect exstīnctus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect exstīnctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect exstīnctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present exstinguam exstinguās exstinguat exstinguāmus exstinguātis exstinguant
imperfect exstinguerem exstinguerēs exstingueret exstinguerēmus exstinguerētis exstinguerent
perfect exstīnxerim exstīnxerīs exstīnxerit exstīnxerīmus exstīnxerītis exstīnxerint
pluperfect exstīnxissem exstīnxissēs exstīnxisset exstīnxissēmus exstīnxissētis exstīnxissent
passive present exstinguar exstinguāris,
exstinguāre		 exstinguātur exstinguāmur exstinguāminī exstinguantur
imperfect exstinguerer exstinguerēris,
exstinguerēre		 exstinguerētur exstinguerēmur exstinguerēminī exstinguerentur
perfect exstīnctus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect exstīnctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — exstingue — — exstinguite —
future — exstinguitō exstinguitō — exstinguitōte exstinguuntō
passive present — exstinguere — — exstinguiminī —
future — exstinguitor exstinguitor — — exstinguuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives exstinguere exstīnxisse exstīnctūrum esse exstinguī exstīnctum esse exstīnctum īrī
participles exstinguēns — exstīnctūrus — exstīnctus exstinguendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
exstinguendī exstinguendō exstinguendum exstinguendō exstīnctum exstīnctū

Descendants
  • Catalan: extingir
  • English: extinguish
  • Spanish: extinguir

References
  • “exstinguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “exstinguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • exstinguo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • exstinguo in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be cut off by sudden death: subita morte exstingui
    • to be forgotten, pass into oblivion: oblivione obrui, deleri, exstingui
    • to excite emotion: motus excitare in animo (opp. sedare, exstinguere)
    • to stifle, drown one's hatred: odium restinguere, exstinguere
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