cyrraedd
Welsh
Etymology
From Middle Welsh kyrhaeð, from Proto-Celtic *kom- + *ɸro-sagyeti (compare Old Irish ro·saig (“to reach”)). By surface analysis, cyr- + haedd(u) (“strive for, obtain”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈkəraɨ̯ð/
- (North Wales, colloquial) /ˈkərɛð/, /ˈkərað/
- (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈkərai̯ð/
- (South Wales, colloquial) /ˈkərað/, /ˈkərɛð/
- Rhymes: -əraɨ̯ð
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | cyrhaeddaf | cyrhaeddi | cyrraedd, cyrhaedda, cyrraidd | cyrhaeddwn | cyrhaeddwch | cyrhaeddant | cyrhaeddir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
cyrhaeddwn | cyrhaeddit | cyrhaeddai | cyrhaeddem | cyrhaeddech | cyrhaeddent | cyrhaeddid | |
preterite | cyrhaeddais | cyrhaeddaist | cyrhaeddodd | cyraeddasom | cyraeddasoch | cyraeddasant | cyrhaeddwyd | |
pluperfect | cyraeddaswn | cyraeddasit | cyraeddasai | cyraeddasem | cyraeddasech | cyraeddasent | cyraeddasid, cyraeddesid | |
present subjunctive | cyrhaeddwyf | cyrhaeddych | cyrhaeddo | cyrhaeddom | cyrhaeddoch | cyrhaeddont | cyrhaedder | |
imperative | — | cyrraedd | cyrhaedded | cyrhaeddwn | cyrhaeddwch | cyrhaeddent | cyrhaedder | |
verbal noun | cyrraedd | |||||||
verbal adjectives | cyraeddedig cyraeddadwy |
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | cyrhaedda i, cyrhaeddaf i | cyrhaeddi di | cyrhaeddith o/e/hi, cyrhaeddiff e/hi | cyrhaeddwn ni | cyrhaeddwch chi | cyrhaeddan nhw |
conditional | cyrhaeddwn i, cyrhaeddswn i | cyrhaeddet ti, cyrhaeddset ti | cyrhaeddai fo/fe/hi, cyrhaeddsai fo/fe/hi | cyrhaedden ni, cyrhaeddsen ni | cyrhaeddech chi, cyrhaeddsech chi | cyrhaedden nhw, cyrhaeddsen nhw |
preterite | cyrhaeddais i, cyrhaeddes i | cyrhaeddaist ti, cyrhaeddest ti | cyrhaeddodd o/e/hi | cyrhaeddon ni | cyrhaeddoch chi | cyrhaeddon nhw |
imperative | — | cyrhaedda | — | — | cyrhaeddwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Related terms
- haeddu (“to deserve”)
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
cyrraedd | gyrraedd | nghyrraedd | chyrraedd |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyrhaeddaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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