cynnwys

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh kynnwys, from Proto-Brythonic *kuntuɨsad, from Latin condēnsō.

Pronunciation

Verb

cynnwys (first-person singular present cynhwysaf)

  1. to contain, include, embrace (often of the intellect), comprehend; to hold, be able to hold, have capacity for; to comprise, consist of; to compress, make compact
  2. to permit, allow, suffer, tolerate, countenance; to invite, make room for, admit, receive, welcome; to encourage; to support; to adopt

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future cynhwysaf cynhwysi cynhwysa cynhwyswn cynhwyswch cynhwysant cynhwysir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional		 cynhwyswn cynhwysit cynhwysai cynhwysem cynhwysech cynhwysent cynhwysid
preterite cynhwysais cynhwysaist cynhwysodd cynwysasom cynwysasoch cynwysasant cynhwyswyd
pluperfect cynwysaswn cynwysasit cynwysasai cynwysasem cynwysasech cynwysasent cynwysasid, cynwysesid
present subjunctive cynhwyswyf cynhwysych cynhwyso cynhwysom cynhwysoch cynhwysont cynhwyser
imperative — cynhwysa cynhwysed cynhwyswn cynhwyswch cynhwysent cynhwyser
verbal noun cynnwys
verbal adjectives cynwysedig
cynwysadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future cynhwysa i, cynhwysaf i cynhwysi di cynhwysith o/e/hi, cynhwysiff e/hi cynhwyswn ni cynhwyswch chi cynhwysan nhw
conditional cynhwyswn i, cynhwysswn i cynhwyset ti, cynhwysset ti cynhwysai fo/fe/hi, cynhwyssai fo/fe/hi cynhwysen ni, cynhwyssen ni cynhwysech chi, cynhwyssech chi cynhwysen nhw, cynhwyssen nhw
preterite cynhwysais i, cynhwyses i cynhwysaist ti, cynhwysest ti cynhwysodd o/e/hi cynhwyson ni cynhwysoch chi cynhwyson nhw
imperative — cynhwysa — — cynhwyswch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.
  • Alternative verbal adjective: cynwysiedig

Derived terms
  • cynhwysydd (“container”)
  • gan gynnwys (“including”)

Noun

cynnwys m (plural cynhwysion)

  1. content(s), capacity

Derived terms
  • cynhwysfawr (“comprehensive”)
  • tabl cynnwys (“table of contents”)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cynnwys gynnwys nghynnwys chynnwys
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cynnwys”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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